Victor Longin

Victor Longin Upshaw (26 July 1879 - 19 December 1951), better known as Victor Longin, was a Magisterian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist who led the United Magisterian Socialist People's Republics from its founding in 1924 until his death in 1951. He exercised power by serving as both Chairman of the Council of Ministers and General Secretary of the Communist Party UMSPR at the same time. Prior to becoming Chairman of the Council of Ministers, he was the Republic of Magisteria's shortest-serving democratically elected president, serving barely a month until being deposed by Ronald Ruskin. Ideologically adhering to the Leninist interpretation of Marxism, he developed his idiosyncratic philosophy of Longinism.

Born to a poor family in Saltana, Longin embraced revolutionary socialist politics when he was 15 years old. After graduating from Soleildoré People's State University, he moved to Annesia City in 1905 after joining the Social Democratic People's League and became a senior Marxist activist. Longin, a committed communist, played an important role throughout the Republic of Magisteria's political instability, particularly in its last years, when his People's Socialist Party became increasingly popular with the far-right National People's Movement. In the 1923 presidential election, Longin scored a narrow election victory which was met by protest from his rivals.

Longin was sworn in as the Republic of Magisteria's last president on January 10, 1924, and was faced with significant opposition by the Liberation Front, a cohesive political alliance of liberals, monarchists, and fascists. The Liberation Front, however, did not last long, collapsing on January 24, 1924, a month after its inception due to disagreements inside the coalition. General Ronald Ruskin of the Magisterian Armed Forces launched a military coup against the government on February 10, 1924, abolishing the constitution and declaring a military dictatorship. Longin narrowly avoided imprisonment after forming the Magisterian Socialist People's Republic with Annesia City as its capital, as did his election rivals.

Longin's Workers' Armed Forces declared victory in the four-year civil war on October 27, 1928, and quickly implemented policies to restore law and order under the 'National Reconstruction' plan, which lasted until November 22, 1930, when the 1930 Constitution was ratified, resulting in the formation of the United Magisterian Socialist People's Republics. Longin is viewed as a champion of Magisterian socialism and the Magisterian working class by his supporters, while his critics accuse him of ruling Magisteria as a repressive dictatorship that oversaw mass killings and political repression of dissidents.