Kunaria

Kunaria (Kunari: Kaišau), officially the United Republic of Kunaria (Kunari: Kaišau Yôngē Gônkegou), is a large country located in Northeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Russia, to the southwest by China, and shares a tiny border with North Korea in the south. It also has a maritime border with Japan. With a total area of about 1,441,300 square kilometers (556,489 sq mi),  it is the 19th largest country in the world by area. It is also the 23rd most populous country with an estimated population of about 65 million. Its capital and largest city is Dolusai, followed by Daišo, and Nišina.

Kunaria is a highly mountainous country, it's largest mountain range being the Ǩajata Mountains. Kunaria’s climate is characterized by extremely long and cold winters and short and cool summers. Snowfall is heavy and often occurs at a very early time of the year. Rainfall is also heavy and often occurs in the summer.

The climate is cold and harsh, especially for the very northern parts of the country. In these parts, there are no seasons, and the climate is consistent from year to year. Temperatures can go down as low as -45 degrees Celsius in the winter.

The southern regions of Kunaria are warmer and temperate, and the climate is much more pleasant and warmer in the summer. The climate is very similar to that of the mainland of Europe. The average annual temperature in these parts of Kunaria is about 5 degrees Celsius.

Etymology
The endonym “Kaišau” comes from the Kunari words Kai (海), meaning sea, and Šau (山), meaning mountain. The two combined mean “sea mountain,” but usually are translated to “the mountains on the sea.”

The country’s exonym “Kunaria” simply means “the land of the Kunaris”

Indigenous people
The history of Kunaria has been tied with that of the lands known as the Russian Far East. However, due to the hostile relations between Russia and China, there was no direct trade between the two countries. Kunaria was eventually connected to the Silk Road through various other routes, which ran from the end of the Silk Road in China through Central Asia, then into Persia, then on to the lands of the Byzantine Empire and Europe. The route was used to trade in silk, spices, and other goods. It was through the route that many Kunari goods traveled.

The first known mention of Kunaria was in the Chinese Chronicles of the Eastern Han Dynasty. In these Chronicles, the Chinese described Kunaria as a small land that was separated from China by a great river now known as the Amur River. It was said to be the land of the Kunaris, who were a warlike people. In the 7th century, Kunaria was a kingdom ruled under the Ria dynasty, which ruled the lands of Kunaria for around 13 centuries. In the early 20th century, the Russian Empire, in order to gain more territory in Manchuria, invaded Kunaria. However, in the late 1920s, the Soviet Union took over Kunaria, establishing the short-lived Kunari Soviet Socialist Republic.

Japanese occupation
In 1931, the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria, and eventually invaded Kunaria. They invaded as it was considered part of a region known as "outer-Manchuria." After the war ended in February 1932, the Japanese established the puppet state known as Kaikou in the territories of modern day Kunaria. Kaikou was a puppet state created by the Japanese government to allow the Japanese to control the region. It experienced mass subjugation under Chief Minister Ivata Kenza. During Kenza's rule over Kaikou, many native Kunari people were forced to serve the Kaikounese Army as slave laborers. The government also persecuted and killed many of the local Kunari people.

However, in December 1945, the Japanese Empire was forced to end its puppet state as the communist Kunari Partisans liberated themselves. They then established the Socialist Republic of Kunaria in its place. This was the first time that the Kunari people had established a state of their own since the Ria dynasty.

Golden Revolution
In the time the republic lasted, Daiči Hašai rose up to power. During his rule, he began to develop Kunaria into a modern state. The capital was renamed from Esuva to Dolusai to celebrate the victory against the Japanese. Hašai established a Communist Party, and was the first Communist leader of Kunaria. Despite being a communist nation, Kunaria was disconnected from Russian influence, allowing the country to go its own way in foreign policy and culture.

In 1961, the East Kunari government began a series of strict political purges, which was led by president Hašai himself. These purges were done to rid the country of opposition and to maintain power. During this time, many Kunari people were sent to prison, or killed in the streets. At first, the purges were kept secret, however the news of the purges eventually was revealed. From here, many demonstrations and riots started. These riots eventually sparked the Golden Revolution in April of 1968, which saw large amounts of violence in major East Kunari cities. Eventually, Hašai was ousted from power, and in the year 1970, was replaced with Kodoru Riza, a member of the Kunari Democratic Movement who was in favor of integrating with the west.

After a year of leading Kunaria, President Riza began official plans to hold elections, and in October of 1971, Jidošu Našenko became the new president of the United Republic of Kunaria.

After this, Kunaria began to rebuild its economy and move toward a more democratic government, led by the United National Party. In this time, Kunaria experienced a great deal of progress. Its economy grew, and the Kunari people became more educated and prosperous. The country began to rapidly modernize its industry, and in the mid 1970's, became an economic power in Asia. In addition, the Dolusai Metro officially began the construction and operation of its first line.

However, despite the progress made in Kunaria, the country was plagued with problems. The country’s government was mainly dominated by Našenko who became a very controversial leader and grew increasingly unpopular with the people. In 1979, a referendum was held, in which Našenko was voted out of office, and was replaced by President Siuki Lesumi.

Contemporary era
Lesumi led Kunaria through a period of great political stability, and economic development. He was at the forefront of the Miracle on the Amur, an economic miracle which saw Kunaria’s economy rapidly boom from the subsidization of private corporations and new innovations in industry.

He began the Šin-Dolusai (lit. New Dolusai) project, which aimed to modernize and beautify the city center of Dolusai, by removing the older communist-era apartments present in the downtown area, building major buildings, and encouraging economic activity. The project transformed the small post-Soviet city of Dolusai into a modern metropolis. However, the increase in jobs and businesses in the city center resulted in large amounts of the city center's population relocating to the outskirts of the city, which eventually led to the growth of the suburbs. The rapid suburbanization caused major problems for the metropolis' residents, primarily an increased amount of traffic congestion on many of the city's major highways.

To combat the rising congestion, in addition to installing tolls on major highways in the area, the new Greater Dolusai Association of Government (GDAG) established the Dolusai Suburban Rail Company in the early 1980's as an alternative method of transportation to ease congestion. This project was completed in 1985, and the first train of Dolusai Suburban Rail Company ran. The project was initially a massive success, reducing congestion on Dolusai highways. It also resulted in the large suburban sprawl of the Dolusai metropolis, resulting in the metropolis' current size today.

In 1989, he led the country through its first democratic election, in which he was reelected. During this time in the year 1990, the Dolusai Suburban Rail Company was dissolved and privatized due to its high cost and a lack of funding.

After another successful year, Lesumi was replaced by Kazuja Vuraja, who was the leader of the Conservative Party.

Vuraja employed many new policies, and many were successful. However, he became a very controversial figure, and his support fell dramatically. In the following elections in 1991, he was replaced with Kijo Saǰima of the Social Democratic Party.

Saǰima was the first woman to become the president of Kunaria. Unlike her predecessor, she was a very popular leader. She led Kunaria through a period of great economic growth, and increased democracy. During her time in office, she saw the creation of the

However, she was not reelected in 1995, and was replaced with Širō Aoko of the Social Democratic Party.

Aoko also led Kunaria through a period of great political stability, and economic growth over her 12 years in office. She was very popular among the Kunari people. During her term she established the Northeast Asian Alliance (NA2), which was a political alliance between Kunaria, Japan, Russia, China, and Mongolia. In the 2007 elections however, she was replaced by her fellow Kunari politician, Yūdajko Moriju, who was also a member of the Social Democratic Party.

Moriju was an extremely popular leader among the Kunari people. His popularity was due to his ability to be a strong leader and to lead the country through many difficult times. He funded and encouraged the use of public transport. He has been reelected in 2011, 2015, and 2019. As of now, Moriju plans to run again in the 2023 elections, but has stated that he does not intend to run again in 2027.

Geography
Kunaria is a large country, with a total area of about 1,441,300 square kilometers (556,489 sq mi). It is also the 19th largest country in the world by area. With an estimated population of about 65 million, Kunaria is also the 23rd most populous country in the world.

Kunaria is very mountainous. Its highest mountain, Mount Beru, is over 2,933 meters (9623 ft) above sea level, located directly at its northern border with Russia. Its second highest mountain is Mount Tordoki at over 2,090 meters (6857 ft) above sea level. The Amur River, which forms the border with China, is the largest river in the country. It is also the tenth longest river in the world.

The climate of Kunaria is cold and harsh, especially in the northern parts of the country. In these parts, there are no seasons, and the climate is consistent from year to year. Snowfall is heavy and often occurs at a very early time of the year. Rainfall is also heavy and often occurs in the summer. The average annual temperature in these parts of Kunaria is about -45 degrees Celsius.

The southern parts of Kunaria are warmer and temperate, and the climate is much more pleasant and warmer in the summer. The climate is very similar to that of the mainland of Europe. The average annual temperature in these parts of Kunaria is about 5 degrees Celsius.

Government
The government of Kunaria is a federal presidential constitutional republic consisting of 4 regions, 2 autonomous territories, and 1 federal district.

Citizens are subject to three levels of government, similar to the United States: national, federal, and local. Duties of local governments are usually split between the prefecture and municipal governments.

The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances, split between the 3 branches of government:

Legislative: The Senate and the Common Assembly, has the power to make laws, declare war, and impeach the president.

Executive: The President has the power to issue executive orders, veto bills, and appoint and dismiss officials.

Judicial: The Supreme Court and lower national courts have the power to interpret the laws and to try those accused of breaking the laws.

The Common Assembly has 18 constituencies, and the Senate has 28 senators, 4 from each region.

Administrative divisions
Kunaria is divided into 6 states (Šō), 2 designated cities (Fu), 1 autonomous territory (J̌i), 4 republics (Min), and 1 capital district (Du).

The 6 states, 4 republics, and the autonomous territory are divided into 61 prefectures, and the federal district into # wards.

The 6 states are Kaiǰa, Kita Širaku, Junami Širaku, Koro, Tuguro, and Karafuto.

The autonomous territory is the J̌ao Territory.

The 4 republics are Hayata, Evenkia, Kurilia, and Taygaltia.

The capital district is contiguous with the city of Dolusai, and is officially known as the Dolusai Capital District.

Parties and elections
Kunaria has run under a multi-party system following democratization. The Social Democratic Party (SDO), the United National Party (UNP), and the Kunari Unity Party (KUP) are the first, second, and third largest parties respectively, according to seats in the Senate.

The elections are conducted in a very similar manner to that of the United States. Candidates run in local and regional elections, and the most popular candidate is then elected in the national elections. Candidates must be registered with the party in which they are running.

Currently, the President of Kunaria is Yūdajko Moriju, who was elected to the position in the 2007 elections. He is currently the 6th president of Kunaria. He has been reelected three times since, in 2011, 2015, and 2019. Along with him serves Vice President Arata Kadojama.

Foreign relations
Kunaria has maintained close relations with most of the countries in the world. It has maintained trade agreements with many countries. The largest trading partner of Kunaria is the United States, followed by Japan and China. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Kunaria has ceased trade with Russia.

Military
The military of Kunaria has been in existence since the country was founded. It is known as the Kunari National Armed Forces (KNAF,) and is currently led by the commander-in-chief President Yūdajko Moriju. The KNAF currently has more than 1 million active personnel. The military is split into 3 branches: the Kunari National Army (KNA), the Kunari Air Force (KAF,) and the Kunari Maritime Force (KMF.)

Military service is entirely voluntary for citizens, and is open to anyone between the ages of 18 and 55. Students in the Kunari National Military Academy (KNMA) are also eligible to join the military. Those who enlist must serve in the military for a certain number of years before they are allowed to leave the military. Military service is 2 years for enlisted personnel and 3 years for officers. However, some individuals may enlist for a longer period, and some individuals may opt out of military service after completing their term.

Law enforcement and crime
Police and law enforcement is usually the responsibility of prefectures and municipal governments. On the national level lies the National Agency of Intelligence and Investigation (NAII) which is headed by the Minister of State Security, and has civilized duties such as gathering information and intelligence on terrorist activities, as well as protecting civil rights, national security and enforcing federal courts' rulings and federal laws.

Kunaria also has a criminal justice system similar to that of the United States. Individuals accused of breaking the law are tried in federal courts, however designated crimes are tried in national courts. Those found guilty of a crime are sentenced to prison.

Crime in Kunaria is not very high, with an overall annual crime rate of ###. There are several reasons for this, one of which is that the national government has strict laws that make it difficult to commit crimes.

Kunaria's prison system prioritizes rehabilitation, similar to countries like Norway. There are a variety of programs in place to help inmates become more well-rounded and successful after they leave prison, such as vocational training, college, and work placement programs. Inmates who complete these programs are usually given incentives and awards, and are given a chance to serve as a role model for other inmates.

The Kunari Bureau of Prison Reform (KBR) is a branch of the Ministry of Justice that oversees the prison system. KBR is responsible for the government's prison system, and is headed by the Director of Prison Reform. KBR is currently led by Director Šōzō Hajize.

Economy
Kunaria's economy has been growing rapidly in the past few years. The country has a current GDP of over 1.6 trillion dollars, and the government is currently working to expand the economy to 2.5 trillion dollars by 2030.

The main source of income in Kunaria is exports. The majority of the exports are sold to the United States, Russia, and China. Kunaria exports mainly electronic products, machinery, and vehicles.

The biggest industry in Kunaria is the production of electronic products. Kunaria's electronic industry is mainly focused on production of TVs, home appliances, and other electronic products.

Kunaria has a strong agricultural sector, with over 30% of the land dedicated to agriculture. Kunaria's main agricultural products are rice, corn, and soybeans.

Currency
Kunaria's national currency is the Kunari Kon (K₭), and is subdivided into 10 Nai, which is further subdivided into 100 Nai, further subdivided into 1000 Nai. The currency was originally pegged to the United States dollar at a rate of US$1 = KN₭100, however the peg had since been removed in 1993, with the current exchange rate being US$1 = KN₭35. Kunaria's main exports are electronic products and vehicles, and the value of these products and vehicles is reflected in the exchange rate.

Transportation
Kunaria has a strong transportation sector. The Ministry of Transportation (MoT) is the primary transportation organization in Kunaria. The MoT is responsible for the operation and maintenance of transport infrastructure within the country There are several modes of transportation, including roadways, railroads, and airports.

Roadways are the primary form of transportation in Kunaria. The majority of the roads in Kunaria are paved, with the exception of some rural areas, and there are many toll highways in Kunaria. Kunaria has an extensive network of toll highways, called expressways, with the most important expressways being the Zeja Expressway and the Šizuka Expressway.

Kunaria is widely known for its large and efficient railroad system. The railroad system is operated by Kunari Railways. The first line built was the Koriza Main Line, which went from Dolusai to Ǩaburo. The country also features the Kunaria Express Rail (KXR), a high speed service operating several high speed railways across the country.

Kunaria has an extensive airport system. There are several major airports in the country, the busiest airport being Dolusai Siuki Lesumi International Airport, serving ### people annually. Other airports also exist, serving domestic flights within Asia.

Energy
Kunaria's energy sector is also very strong. The Ministry of Energy (MoE) is responsible for the production and distribution of energy in Kunaria. Kunaria is the only country in the world to adopt a carbon neutral energy policy, meaning that it doesn't produce any carbon dioxide emissions. The main sources of energy in Kunaria are hydroelectric power, wind power, and solar power.

Energy in Kunaria is primarily sourced from hydroelectric power, wind power, and to a lesser extent, solar power.

Hydroelectric power is the primary source of energy in Kunaria. There are currently 4 hydroelectric power plants in the country. One of the largest is the Zeja Hydroelectric Power Station in northern Kunaria.

Wind power is also an important source of energy in Kunaria. The Kunari Wind Energy Committee (KWEC) is responsible for the production and distribution of wind energy in Kunaria. Kunaria has 105 wind farms, with the largest being the Sozoka Wind Farm, which has a capacity of 1,100 MW.

There are currently 14 solar power plants in Kunaria. The Kunari Solar Energy Committee (KSEC) is responsible for the production and distribution of solar energy in Kunaria. Kunaria has 1 solar power plant, with a capacity of # MW.

There are also a number of smaller power plants in the country.

Education
Kunaria has a strong educational system. There are a multitude of public and private universities and colleges in Kunaria. Education in Kunaria is entirely free and compulsory for all citizens. Kunaria's school system is ranked among the best in the world. The average school student in Kunaria has a score of around 563 on the PISA test, one of the highest in the world.

Health
Kunaria has a robust healthcare system. There are many hospitals in the country, and over 962 thousand employed doctors and nurses.

Kunaria has a very high life expectancy and infant mortality rate, with the average life expectancy being over 93 years, and the infant mortality rate being only 5.8 deaths per 1000 births.

Kunaria has one of the best healthcare systems in the world. Healthcare is free and universal, and hospitals are mostly run by government organizations.

Culture
Kunaria is a very diverse and culturally rich country. The country is home to over 170 ethnic groups, with the most populous ethnic groups being the Kunari and Japanese. Kunaria is a multicultural country, with many ethnic groups contributing to the country's culture and way of life. The coexistence of different cultures has allowed Kunaria to have a unique and vibrant cultural scene.

Cuisine
Kunaria's cuisine is influenced by its ethnic diversity. There are numerous types of ethnic food in Kunaria, including Japanese, Chinese, Russian, and other foods.

Kunaria is also known for its many delicious and unique dishes.

Media
Kunaria has a very strong media sector. There are many different types of media in Kunaria, including print, radio, television, and internet.

The media sector is overseen by the Kunari Media Commission (KMC), which controls and monitors the content of media in Kunaria.

Kunaria has a state-run television company known as Kunari Central Television (Kunari: Čuo Vešo Kaišau, CVK) which operates 11 television channels in Kunaria. CVK is the most popular television company in Kunaria, with over 70% of the population watching it.

Kunaria has many privately run internet providers, and the majority of the population use the internet. One of the largest providers is TeluNet, which has over 20 million subscribers in Kunaria.

Population
Kunaria is the 23rd most populous country in the world, with about 65 million people living in it.

The population of Kunaria is constantly growing, and is expected to grow by over 50% by 2050. Kunaria's population is young and growing rapidly. There are almost 5 children born for every 1 person. The population is counted by the Kunari Census Bureau.

The population of Kunaria is highly ethnically diverse. Kunaria is home to over 170 different ethnic groups, with the most populous being Kunaris. Kunaris are the largest ethnic group in Kunaria, with over half of the population being ethnic Kunari.

Religion
Kunaria itself does not have an official religion. However, it promotes religious tolerance, and allows all religions. A majority of the population adheres to Orthodox Christianity.

Languages
Kunaria is a multilingual country, and has several different languages. There are four official languages in Kunaria: Kunari, Japanese, Russian, and Chinese.

Kunari is the primary language in Kunaria, and is spoken by over 95% of the population. Kunari makes up its own branch of the Japonic language family called Maritime Japonic, and is somewhat mutually intelligible with Japanese.

Japanese is the second official language in Kunaria, with over 20% of the population speaking Japanese. Japanese is a popular second language, with a majority of the population being able to speak and understand it.

Russian is the third official language in Kunaria, and is spoken by over 10% of the population. and the majority of the population can speak and understand both languages.

Chinese is the fourth official language in Kunaria, and is spoken by over 5% of the population. A small portion of the population can speak and understand Chinese.