Indigenous territory of Tseng

The indigenous territory on Tseng Island was commonly referred to by the derogatory term Savage Land (Chinese: 番地; pinyin: Fāndì). It was established with the Treaty of Geneva in 1765 and existed until 1936, and again de jure from 1944 to 1946. It was occupied by the indigenous peoples of Tseng. There were no administrative divisions, it was directly under the control of the colonial government based in Der Willemstad in Dutch Tseng. The aboriginal territorial government was a mix of British, French, and Dutch representatives.

There was little to no development in the area due to it being an indigenous reserve, but there were reports of mine exploitation and abuse by the Europeans. Starting in the 1900s, inspired by the Canadian, indigenous peoples had to show a pass when exiting or entering the territory. Even before that, getting out of the territory was extremely hard.

Education was provided by the colonial government, but most of the schools were in decrepit conditions and abuse occured. As a result, indigenous literacy rates were only 0.5% in 1930.

Demographics
In 1934, the census showed that the aboriginal land had a population of at least 400,000. 97% of its inhabitants were indigenous. Around 180,000 were Fu'langese. 2% were of Chinese or Tsengian descent and 1% were of European descent.

Settlements
There were few settlements (not including Indigenous settlements) in the area. They were mainly inhabited by Europeans.


 * Qishan (pop. 10,284)
 * Sanhua (pop. 3,294)
 * Lanhaijiao (pop. 2,560)