Augustina

Augustina, officially the Augustine Republic (French: République Augustine), is an archipelagic country located in the North Atlantic Ocean, sharing maritime borders with the Kadersaryinan Islands. With a total area of 678,994 km2 (262,161 sq mi), It is the 39th-largest country in the world. The sovereign state is subdivided into 24 provinces and 1 federal district, The provinces and the federal district have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system.

The earliest recorded human presence in modern-day Augustina dates back to the Paleolithic period. The first inhabitants of North America are generally hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago, and European colonization began in the 16th century.

The almost-unparalleled increase in prosperity led to Augustina becoming the eighth wealthiest nation in the world by the early 20th century. According to the Maddison Historical Statistics Project, Augustina had the world's second highest real GDP per capita in 1895 and 1896, and was consistently in the top ten before at least 1920. By the start of the 1920s, Augustina descended from political instability and economic decline that pushed it back into underdevelopment. During the Presidency of Gerald Lamarre, Augustina went from a low-income country to a upper-middle income country in 1972 while the "Miracle of Ermintrude Augustin" was happening.

Augustina is a developing country and ranks 40th in the Human Development Index, the fourth highest in North America behind Magisteria, Canada, and the United States, and continuously ranks high in measures of socioeconomic performance. It's advanced economy is one of the largest in the world, relying chiefly upon petroleum and well-developed international trade networks. Augustina is a founding member of the United Nations, NATO, G20, Commonwealth of Nations, and the Organization of American States (OAS). It is a member of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.

Etymology
The name "Augustina" comes from the surname of Ermintrude Augustin, the country's general, first and only emperor and national hero.

Early history: 14,000 years ago
The first inhabitants of North America are generally hypothesized to have migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 14,000 years ago.

British North America: 1763-1801
Augustina was a part of the British North America as the Province of Ermintrude in 1763 until 1801.

Independent Empire: 1801-1841
Augustina requested to leave the British North America but the British refused. After that, Tensions between Augustines and the British increased and would start a war on February 15, 1801. The war would end on July 31, 1801 with Augustina winning and the British lost.

The Province of Ermintrude was renamed to "Augustina", named after the First and only Emperor of the Empire, Ermintrude Augustin.

First Republic: 1841-1845
The early republican government was nothing more than a military dictatorship, with army dominating affairs both in Auvergne and in the states.

Second Republic: since 1845
Civilians returned to power in 1845 when Édouard Botterill assumed the presidency. He became popular during his tenure through the economic growth. During 1895 and 1896, Augustina had the world's second largest real GDP per capita in the world behind Argentina. By the beginning of the 1920s, Augustina descended from political instability and economic decline that pushed it back into underdevelopment.

Gerald Lamarre, a centre-right politician, was elected president in 1969 promising a better economy and a less corrupt country. His economic policies were extremely successful as the economy starts to thrive from petroleum production, Corruption was also being eradicated during his term as president. In 1991, Gerald Lamarre died due to pneumonia. After Lamarre's death, his funeral was attended by 150,000 people and was remembered as "Augustina's Greatest President"

Government and politics
The form of government is a democratic federative republic, with a presidential system. The president is both head of state and head of government of the Union and is elected for a four-year term, with the possibility of re-election for a second successive term. The current president is Jean-Claude Bannister, elected in the 2018 presidential election. The government is regulated by a system of checks and balances defined by the Augustine Federal Constitution, the country's supreme legal document. The federal government is composed of three branches:


 * Legislative: The bicameral National Congress, made up of the Senate and the House of Representatives, makes federal law, declares war, approves treaties, has the power of the purse, and has the power of impeachment, by which it can remove sitting members of the government.
 * Executive: The president is the commander-in-chief of the military, can veto legislative bills before they become law (subject to congressional override), and appoints the members of the Cabinet (subject to Senate approval) and other officers, who administer and enforce federal laws and policies.
 * Judicial: The Supreme Court and lower federal courts, whose judges are appointed by the president with Senate approval, interpret laws and overturn those they find unconstitutional.

Provinces
Augustina is a federation of twenty-four provinces and a federal district. Provinces hold all the power that they chose not to delegate to the federal government; they must be representative republics and must not contradict the Constitution. Beyond this they are fully autonomous: they enact their own constitutions, freely organize their local governments, and own and manage their natural and financial resources. Some provinces have bicameral legislatures, while others have unicameral ones.

Foreign relations
Foreign policy is handled by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, International Trade and Worship, which answers to the President. The country is one of the G-20 major economies of the world, and a founding member of the UN, WTO, NATO, the Commonwealth, and OAS.

Military
The President holds the title of commander-in-chief of the Augustine Armed Forces, as part of a legal framework that imposes a strict separation between national defense and internal security systems: The National Defense System, an exclusive responsibility of the federal government, coordinated by the Ministry of Defense, and comprising the Army, the Navy and the Air Force. Ruled and monitored by Congress through the Houses' Defense Committees, it is organized on the essential principle of legitimate self-defense: the repelling of any external military aggression in order to guarantee freedom of the people, national sovereignty, and territorial integrity. Its secondary missions include committing to multinational operations within the framework of the United Nations, participating in internal support missions, assisting friendly countries, and establishing a sub-regional defense system.