Ocraita

Ocraita, officially the Federation of Ocraita (Ocraitan: Føderasjion avf Ocraita), also known as Ocrussai, is a country located in the North Sea, north-east of the United Kingdom and west of Norway. It shares no land borders with any other country, other than Norway, with its antarctic territory.

Description
The Federation of Ocraita is a Federal Semi-Presidential Constitutional Republic founded in the 14th of January, 1814. Ocraita's official languages are Ocraitan and English. Ocraita has a large GDP due to its location in the middle of the North Sea. Ocraita owns the islands of Ocraita and also the. Ocraita is a fairly important player in European politics and culture.

Unlike most countries with a prime minister, the President has more power over the PM. The current Ocraitan president is Viktor Barion, the vice president is Deurik Kristian, and the PM is Daniel Holmström.

Ocraita uses the Type C power outlet, though it used the Type G power outlet until 2006.

Ocraita maintains good relations with the United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, The Netherlands and Norkald. Ocraita is a founding member of the UN and has a permanent seat on the UN Security Council and is a member of NATO, the Nordic Council, the Council of Europe, the OECD, the Commonwealth of Nations and the North Sea Association.

Etymology
"Ocraita" comes from the medieval kingdom of "Ocrussai". The origin of the kingdom's name of "Ocrussai" is not known. Many historians theorise it comes from a name from an extinct native Ocraitan language.

Early History
The first humans settled Ocraita in the 8th century BC, originating from either Scandinavia or the British Isles. Not much is known about the period before the Viking settlements. Artefacts found on the coast of south western Ocraita revealed several attempted Roman Settlements between 181 BC - 81 AD.

The establishment of the first Ocraitan states in the 10th century started with the arrival of Norse. According to diaries found in various abandoned villages on the east coast of Ocraita, a Danish man named Thorstein Eiriksson, was elected ruler of the Viking colony in 957 AD. Torstein Eiriksson was the fourth and youngest son of Erik the Red. This started the Torstein Dynasty of the Kingdom of Ocrussai. The eastern part of the colony became a trade hub, while the western part became a bloody battlefield against the English, who had began colonisation at around 1011 AD.

The English invaded the rest of Ocraita around 1018 AD, banishing the Torstein Dynasty. They held the Islands and fended off constant attacks from the vengeance seeking vikings until 1030 AD, where the english withdrew after a period of constant defeats in battle.

The Two states period was a century long period between the eastern Second Kingdom of Ocrussai and the Grand Duchy of Quinning. This started after brutal treatment of the English citizens of Ocraita after the British withdrawal lead to an organised uprising via the Grand Duchy of Quinning. The Kingdom of Ocrussai eventually won in 1150 and agreed to treat the English as equals.

After the bloody wars were over, the Kingdom of Ocrussai started regaining their status as a major trade hub again. The reign of Vikkund the Wise and Thorstrim the Great constituted the Golden Age of Ocrussai. In 1166, Catholic Christianity was officially adopted.

The Kingdom of Ocrussai was absorbed into the Kalmar Union in 1432. The island of Ocraita's resources went directly to the Union. Ocrussai eventually succeeded from the Kalmar Union in 1520 after a short war.

Colonialism and The Reformation
The Ocraitan Reformation is usually dated back to 1561, where Monarch Vritkus V made Lutheranism the official religion, and outlawed Roman Catholicism. Vritkus, who heavily disliked the Catholic Church for being corrupt, started the Ocraitan reformation 2 years after the official English break from Rome. Vritkus was seeking an ally after the first attempts of colonisation of the Americas, wanting to profit from any potential English colonies, and reforming seemed like a good solution.

The Kingdom of Ocrussai, wanting to profit off of trade in the Americas, sent several explorers and colonists. Ocrussain efforts to secure a colony in the American East Coast failed, with most of the ships going off course. But, Ocrussai had better luck in the North, seizing the islands of Norkald.

Napoleonic Wars (1803 – 1815)
The Kingdom of Ocrussai sided with the Coalition in this war. Ocrussai declared war on France in June 1804. The Ocrussai were paid a large amount of money by the British to join the Coalition. The french never made it to the island of Ocraita. The Ocrussai did not contribute much in this war, only sending a few thousand troops to fight in mainland Europe.

Eventually the Ocrussai were faced with a problem. The french had placed a blockade against the British and her allies, including Ocrussai. The kingdom switched sides to the french in 1806, right before the war of the fourth coalition. During the war of the Third Coalition, British Irredentists demanded that the UK was to immediately invade and hold the islands of Ocraita. Pressured by the public, the British government launched a mass assault against the unready Kingdom of Ocrussai, who promptly surrendered in January 1807. The Torstein Dynasty was put out of power and the British Protectorate of Ocraita was established, and the Ocraitan colony of Norkald was transferred to the British.

Hiljot was established in 1800 after a debate about which city should become the capital city of British Ocraita. After intense debate about if Artisfjort or if Droningscity should become the de-facto and de-jure capital, an agreement was made to establish the city of Hiljot (Which then was called Rockfort), which is the current capital.

Independence and the Modern State
In 1840, Eric Hiljot successfully negotiated the release of Ocraita. The Federation of Ocraita was released under the British Monarchy, and was essentially a puppet state in its first few years. Ocraitan president Kristopher Muller proclaimed 'Confederation' in 1897, distancing itself from the British Crown and transforming from a constitutional monarchy into a republic.

Union State of Ocraita
Main Article: Ocraitan Civil War The Union State of Ocraita (USO), commonly referred to as the Union State, was an unrecognized breakaway state that existed from June 12th, 1859, to May 21st, 1862. The Union State fought against the Federation of Ocraita during the Ocraitan Civil War.

The Union State of Ocraita was lead by Henrik Hansen McMillan and his Unitary Party. Henrik wanted the abolition of the Federation system and establishing a unitary state ruled by him. The Union State of Ocraita seceded in parts of Sturbritannia and Shetland.

The Union State of Ocraita eventually surrendered in on the 21st of May, 1862. An estimated 150,000 to 242,000 people died in this conflict.

The World Wars
The Federation of Ocraita fought alongside the Entente against the Central powers in the First World War (1914-1918). Ocraitan troops assisted British, American, French and Belgian troops in the Western Front. Thousands of men died during the conflict, and paired with the quite recent Ocraitan Civil War, the population of males drastically decreased, leaving many jobs understaffed. After the conflict, president Thomas A. Larson resigned, leaving his successor, Frederick F. Larsen, with a number of problems to deal with.

The interwar period was regarded as a dark time. The Great Depression left many Ocraitan citizens in poverty. This lead to a large spike in membership of Socialist and Communist political parties.

After the outbreak of the Second World War, the rather small and disarmed nation ramped up conscription and dedicated many factories into militarising the nation. In 1940, the Ocraitan Special Police Agency branch (Særskiltpolitiorgan) was founded, funding resistance groups across Nazi-occupied Europe. The Ocraitan Expeditionary Force was formed in 1941 and participated in the D-Day landings, helping the Allied forces until the end of the war. Ocraitan presence in the Pacific Theatre was limited to air and naval support, the most popular example being its involvement in the Battle of Midway.

Cold War
In the years after the Second World War, the Ocraitan nation built up infrastructure such as up ports and establishing planned cities in an effort to keep up with its European neighbours. Paranoia during this time led to the banning of the Worker's Party of Ocraita, which was a controversial move which lead to the Droningscity Riots. The nation enjoyed an economic boom due to discoveries of many oil deposits off the country's coast. This encouraged a wave of immigration from other European countries, including the UK and Norway. A member of the Western Bloc, Ocraita participated in various proxy wars across the world, including the Korean War in the 1950s and the Vietnam War in the 1960s-70s. Ocraita joined NATO in 1956 and the EU (then the EEC) in 1957.

On the 23rd of July 1966, a new constitution was adopted. The Second Constitution of Ocraita, originally written in early 1946, was added to Ocraitan law. This constitution kept most old laws, but added a few new ones which included;

ADDITIONS:

 * The duty to vote (Compulsory Voting)
 * Freedom of Speech
 * Freedom of Religion
 * Freedom of Association
 * Right to renounce citizenship
 * Government right to temporarily suspend rights in the state of emergency
 * Establishment of the Hiljot Capital Territory
 * Establishment of the position of Prime Minister
 * Establishment of the National Health Insurance System.

REMOVALS:

 * Mandatory 2 year service in the armed forces
 * Non-citizens right to vote

Contemporary Era
After the fall of the Soviet Union, Ocraita experienced a period of liberalisation and rapid development. After the 9/11 attacks, Ocraita deployed troops to the Afghanistan War, Iraqi War and the Syrian Civil War.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, a nationwide lockdown was enforced, with travel between cities and states being very limited.

Economy
Main Article: Economy of Ocraita

Ocraita is a wealthy country. The country has a market economy, a high GDP per capita, and a relatively low rate of poverty. In terms of average wealth, Ocraita ranked eleventh in the world.

The Ocraitan Pound is the currency for the nation, which is pegged to the Euro with an exchange rate of 1 = 1. Ocraita is ranked with the 17th highest GDP in the world. The country was ranked sixth in the United Nations 2017 Human Development Index. The city of Artisfjort reached 2nd place for the fourth year in a row on EIU 's 2020 list of the world's most liveable cities, and finally reached top place in 2021.

Total government debt in Ocraita is about $240 billion.

Ocraita lies on one of the world's most richest oil fields. Ocraita is one of the biggest crude oil exporters in the world, being ranked 5th. Ocraita has gained the nickname of the 'European Oil Fields' by many traders. Ocraita also has a focus on exporting raw materials.

Tourism
Ocraita experienced a significant increase in the number of tourists in the 2010s after an extensive campaign. With an estimated 82 million arrivals in 2019, tourism contributes considerably to the overall economy. Major tourist destinations include cities such as Artisfjort, Hiljot, Nyeu Kopbenhaven and Trotford. Natural landmarks such as Mt. Midtmeuntet, Billisk Forest and Harrison Lake are also popular hiking and camping spots.

Electricity
Ocraita uses the Type C power outlet, though it used the Type G power outlet until 2006. Ocraita has several nuclear power plants, which make up 13% of the country's power production. Ocraita has invested in green energy such as solar and wind farms, with the biggest green power station being the Harrison Lake Solar Farm.

Government & Politics
hMain pages: List of political parties in Ocraita, List of Presidents of Ocraita The current president of the Federation of Ocraita is Viktor Barion, who won the 2018 election as the OCP candidate.

The president is elected by popular vote for a six-year term. They can choose to run again for a second term, but cannot run again for a third one after completing two terms in a row. Currently, no President of Ocraita has ran for a third term.

Foreign Relations
The Federation of Ocraita is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, a member of NATO, the Commonwealth of Nations and the North Sea Association. The Federation of Ocraita is closely linked with the Kingdom of Norway, they co-operate through the Ocraitan-Norwegian Council and the North Sea Alliance. Ocraita's gains its global influence through its trading relations, foreign investments, and military engagements.

Ocraita maintains a close friendship with Norkald, Norway, Denmark and Sweden. Ocraita is considered a Nordic Country, but differs in many different ways from the other. Ocraita also maintains an alliance with the United Kingdom as it is one of Ocraita's closest trading and military partner.

North Sea Association
The Federation of Ocraita is a full member and one of the founders of the North Sea Association, which is a trade organization between Ocraita, Norway, Norkald, Sweden, The Netherlands and the UK. The NSA has 2 observers, Denmark and Ireland.

European Union
The Federation of Ocraita is a full member of the European Union, joining the EU (at the time, the EEC) in 1957. Ocraita has no plans to join the Eurozone, opting to use its own currency instead, though it is still pegged to the Euro.

NATO
Ocraita joined NATO in 1956 and regularly participates in peacekeeping and interventions alongside its allies.

United Nations
Ocraita is one of the founders of the United Nations, being a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council.

Commonwealth of Nations
Ocraita, being a former British protectorate, is part of the Commonwealth of Nations. It holds republic status, being fully autonomous and not recognising the queen as monarch of the nation.

Other
Ocraita is also part of the following organizations and alliances:


 * Nordic Council (full member)
 * Council of Europe (founding member, full member)
 * World Trade Organization (full member)
 * OECD (founding member, full member)

Current Ocraitan Ideologies/Ideas

 * Democracy
 * Technocracy (In some aspects)
 * Market Economy
 * Pluralism

Prominent Political Parties
Ocraitan Political Parties Ocraitan Centre Party - OCP (Centre-Right)
 * Liberalism
 * Conservatism
 * Liberal Conservatism
 * Classical Liberalism

Ocraitan Labour Party - LP (Centre-Left)


 * Social Democracy
 * Democratic Socialism
 * Modern Liberalism

Libertarian Party Ocraita - LPO (Centre-Right)


 * Libertarianism
 * Laissez-faire
 * Classical Liberalism
 * Non-interventionism

Country Party Of Ocraita - CPO (Centre-Right)


 * Conservatism
 * Agrarianism

Formerly:


 * Social Democracy
 * Agrarian Socialism

United Ocraitan Party - UOP (Right wing)


 * Right-Wing Populism
 * Nationalism
 * Christian Democracy

Formerly:


 * Anti-immigration
 * Anti-multiculturalism
 * Protectionism

Technocratic Union of Ocraita - TUO (Centre-left)


 * Technocracy
 * Anti-capitalism

Gun Laws
See: Gun laws in Ocraita

Military
Main article: Ocraitan Armed Forces

The Ocraitan Armed Forces are divided into the Ground Forces, the Navy, and the Air Force. As of 2019, the military had around 75,000 active-duty personnel. There are over 100,000 reservists. Until July 1966, it was mandatory for all male citizens aged 18–27 to be drafted for a two years of service in the Armed Forces.

The armed forces are supplied primarily by the Hansen-Walker Corporation and Felix & Erikson Aerodynamics.

Ocraita has the 52nd biggest army. The country possesses a capable navy and, with 4 AWS, 14 Cruisers, 17 Destroyers, 6 Corvettes, 2 Frigates and 17 Sumbarines. Ocraita has the world's twelth-highest military expenditure, spending $29.8 billion in 2019. It has a large and fully independent arms industry, producing most of its own military equipment. Ocraita is one of the world's biggest arms exporters and hosts many popular weapons companies (see Ocraitan Arms Industry).

Major Urban Centres
Main page: List of largest cities in Ocraita


 * 1) Artisfjort - 12.4 Million
 * 2) Droningscity - 7 Million
 * 3) Hiljot (C) - 6.5 Million
 * 4) Ocrussia - 4.2 Million
 * 5) Nyeu Kopbenhaven - 2 Million
 * 6) Trotford - 1 Million
 * 7) Kinnengstown - 724 Thousand
 * 8) Grahfjardia - 325 Thousand
 * 9) Kurtiaas - 221 Thousand
 * 10) Byrnford - 193 Thousand

Geography
Ocraita is a country stretching which is on the Islands of Ocraita. The Islands of Ocraita are in the North Sea of Europe. Ocraita is situated on the Neo-Avaloni Plate.

Ocraita's main island, named called Nevestøy, hosts a hilly and cold geography. Thick tundras are present on the western part of the island and the area near Artisfjort. Ocraita has several lakes, the biggest being Harrison Lake.

The highest peak in Ocraita is Midtmeuntet, which stands at 2,165 m at its peak. It is part of the Great Ocrussai Range. There are no active volcanoes in Ocraita, though there are a few in the Ocraitan Antarctic Territory.

Ocraita is surrounded by the North Sea and sits on rich oil deposits, which are extensively used by Ocraita for export and internal use. Ocraita does not officially border any countries, but it does border Norway via its Antarctic Territories.

Biodiversity
Although most of Ocraita is cold tundra, the continent includes a diverse range of habitats. Because Ocraita becoming isolated from mainland Europe by rising sea levels before the last ice age, it has unique isolated land animal and plant species. Most Ocraitan animals are examples of Island Dwarfism, with the Fauna being smaller than their mainland Europe counterparts.

The island of Ocraita is heavily forested with species of oak, ash, hazel, birch, alder, willow, aspen, rowan, yew and Ocraitan pine. Much of the unforested lands are covered with several different species of wild-flower. Ocraitan Gorse (Ulex Ocrussai) is commonly found growing in the southern regions. The island is home to hundreds of plant species, most of them unique to the island, though numbers have dwindled after the introduction of various grasses. An estimated 100,000 species of fungi exist here, and nearly all of them are native.

Literature, Philosophy and Arts
Ocraitan art and literature is highly influential part of European culture. Playwrights and Poets in the 18th century such as Thompson Edwardian, Paulo Vendal, and Charles Weston established a national culture of literature, which is prevalent and an important part of Ocraita's national identity. Works such as Thompson Edwardian's "Vinland" (1890), Peuter Freudman's "Oriental Great Game" (1799), and Harper Caxaviar's "ONS Sturbrittania" (1844) are examples of internationally popular Ocraitan literature.

Ocraita hosts one of the oldest universities in the world. The University of Byrnford, founded in 1292, is a research university in the city of Byrnford.

Music
Various styles and genres of music are popular in Ocraita. Ocraitan folk music borrows most of its traits from neighbouring Scotland; bagpipes are commonly featured in songs. Ocraitan classical works are some of the world's most well-known composers. Johann Webb, Lucas Erranst and Georg Strauss were significant classical composers.

Ocraita has a large jazz scene. Jazz has became popular in the last thirty years and has a been described to have a remarkably high artistic standard.

Cuisine
Swedish cuisine, like that of the other Nordic countries, is traditionally simple. Fish, meat, vegetables and dairy products play prominent roles. Spices have become a big part in the last few century, being introduced to Ocraita by the British. Alchohol is traditionally drunk during events, such as birthdays, weddings and holidays. Fast food is not very popular amongst the older generations, though it is becoming a more prominent choice in the recent years. Prominent Ocraitan fast food chains include Friedfix and Duke Torstein.

Sports
Association football, cricket, field hockey and rugby are popular sports in Ocraita. Ocraita also is closely associated with motorsports and participates in Formula 1.

Ice hockey is the nation's national sport.

Media and Film
The largest broadcasters in Ocraita are Ocraita National Broadcasting (ONB), Independent Broadcasting Service (IBS), and Public Broadcasting Corporation (PBC). In Ocraita, there are also daily newspapers like Ocran Daily, Føderasjion Ocraita (Ocraitan Federation) and Ocraitan Daily Gazette which provide traditional opinion and news, and tabloids such as Ocraitan Life. Weeklies include Politics Ocraita, Neuwsweek Ocraita (Newsweek Ocraita) and Gaszett Ocraita (Gazette Ocraita).

The history of Ocraitan cinema and film is nearly as long as the history of cinematography itself. Ocraita has produced outstanding directors, film producers, cartoonists and actors that achieved high fame. Moreover, Ocraitan inventors have played an important role in the development of cinematography and television. Among the most famous directors and producers who originated in Ocraita are Gerad Vantgad, Vincent Wisbachs and Utman Helenst.

Ocraita has become a major hub for game developers, being home to hundreds of studios. Notable studios being DigEnt Games, Wrath Studios, and UranCreations Studios.

National Flags
The New Ocraitan Flag, chosen in 1988 via referendum, was designed by Jarl Vinzent in 1978. The flag features an off-centre Ocraitan Blue line over a white background. A version of the Ocraitan Semi-Circles can be found in the middle.

The Old Ocraitan flag features an Ocraitan Blue Saltire on top of a white background. A circle is present in the middle of the flag, with the Ocraitan Semi-Circles inside it. The Ocraitan Flag was designed in 1844 by William McCormack who proposed it to the newly independent government. President Eric Hiljot himself approved of the flag.

The Saltire represents Christianity. The Ocraitan blue and the Ocraitan Semi-Circles represent the population of Ocraita. The blue tinted white background represents the sea, which plays a big part in Ocraitan history. The flag is still used by many due to its historical significance.

Ocraitan Semi-Circles
Ocraitan national symbols include the "Ocraitan Semi Circles", which are two semi-circles, one of which being lower than the other. The Ocraitan semi-circles colors and position are sometimes switched. There have been no significant proof of the origins of this, though the first recorded use was in 644 AD. Since then, the Ocraitan Semi-Circles have been prevalent in Ocraitan society.

The Ocraitan Semi-Circles are featured on the national flag, along with several regional flags and political parties.

Ocrussai
Not to be confused with the Kingdom of Ocrussai

Ocrussai is the national personification of Ocraita. She is often depicted as a blonde girl with long hair, wearing a blue or red dress with a breastplate and a crown, wielding a shortsword. The earliest record of Ocrussai was dated back to 1407. She was popularised during the reformation, becoming a sort of symbol of the reformation. Ocrussai experienced another explode in popularity in the mid 2010s and became a symbol of Ocraitans on the internet.

Ethnic groups
The Federation of Ocraita has many ethnic groups evidenced by its latest 2020 census. Ocraita is made up of mainly Norwegian, Swedish, Danish and British.

Languages
Ocraita's official languages are Ocraitan, Norwegian and English. There is also a sizeable minority of Swedish, German, Scots and French speaking people. Ocraitan is the predominant spoken language in Ocraita, with English being an extremely popular second language and Norwegian being speaken mainly in the north.

An Estimated 77% of Ocraitans are Bilingual.

Religions
Ocraita is mainly christian, with the country being split between Protestant denominations and Catholicism. Once popular was the Ocraitan version of Christianity, Veravichism, which was a proto-protestant christian movement started by Russian-Ocraitan priest Sergei Veravich, who was an Orthodox priest turned Christian turned Veravichist. Veravichism is now a minority religion and an estimated amount of 52,000 people still practice it.

Practice of Islam in Ocraita was marginal before the 1960s, but it became a small recognised minority once migrants from Turkey and the middle-east arrived.

The first Buddhist, Taoist and Confucianist communities migrated to Ocraita during the Korean and Vietnam wars.