Carwardine Parks

Carwardine Parks of Virginia, Inc., , is an amusement parks & leisure property company headquartered in, , and founded in 1980 by its longtime CEO Christopher R. Carwardine. It had been owned by from 1998 to 2007 when it was sold to Brazilian conglomerate Grupo Wágner as Mills became apart of, becoming an autonomous subsidiary of Grupo Wágner (with separate stockholders and shareholders from it's parent), before being sold into a Carwardine family trust in 2021.

Carwardine, aside from building its own parks such as Carwardine Colony and The World of Redwall, has been known for buying & turning around struggling theme parks. Christopher's 2016 biography reflects this, titled "Resurrecting America's Theme Parks" and featuring anecdotes and other stories regarding the company's projects and acquisitions.

History
The first park, Carwardine Colony, was planned in the mid-to-late-1970s by regional real estate mogul Christopher R. Carwardine after he bought a disused landfill known locally as the "Trash Heap from Hell". During the oil crisis, Christopher decided to add the focus of a large theme park that wasn't far away from the beaches of Virginia.

After the success of the first park, the company was founded in August of 1980.

In March of 1990, after the success of Super Mario Bros. 3 in North America, Carwardine has officially announced their deal with Nintendo.

In 1991, Carwardine Parks went public on the stock market.

In 1992, Dept. 2 Productions was founded in order to produce more theming and queue videos/live show videos.

In 1995, Jeffery Katzenberg, after being fired from Disney, was made Chairman and President to reinvigorate the company. He was resigned in 2002 due to a reorganization in the company. Also in 1995, DreamWorks SKG bought the chain from Carwardine Colony Real Estate, Inc.

In 1998, the company was sold from DreamWorks to The Mills Corporation, after both Chris and Wayne complained about how "corporate" the company got.

During the Mills Corporation's ownership of Carwardine Parks, they added in some parks some non-anchor stores that were normally found inside malls to some of the parks. They also made the PBS Kids Neighborhood brand the kids area of most Carwardine Parks in the United States. was appointed Multimedia Director of Dept. 2 Productions to produce CyberStar-esque videos for the new live shows.

Mobile cameras on rides without a permit from the Carwardine Video Program were banned in 2000, as CVP members (among them: Theme Park Review, The Theme Park Crew, TUBERIDES, CoasterForce, Coaster Studios, Koaster Kids, etc.) have to follow a strict set of rules (1. You must have a wrist attachment. 2. Waterproof cameras required for waterpark use. 3. Camera glasses are allowed in most cases. 4. Spy cameras are banned in most cases. 5. You must pay $10 a year for the Video Program), however, in 2011 the ban was relaxed for people with mobile phones on select attractions (Train rides, Coasters that are below 100ft and don't go upside down, and all floored Enterprises/Rangers (The floorless variants still ban phones, due to a lack of a cage).

In 2014, another character in their line of mascot characters, named Catsi (voiced by Suzi Sparks) was introduced, licensed from Calzados Sifrina's in.

In 2015, Dept. 2 Productions mostly moved from Virginia Beach's Airport Executive Center into a two floor, 50,000-square-foot (4,600 m2) facility in the industrial park. Former performance director Lee Kisfaludi (who's defection from the organization in 2018 led him to receive the Worcester Beacon Prize for Freedom) was hired as executive director of Dept. 2 Productions in 2019, with Jeremy Vallejos retained as president of Dept. 2.

In 2020, shortly after becoming CEO, Wayne Carwardine II announced a project entitled Plan 2020 to reinvigorate the company and it's properties again (with The Old Village of Providence and Mount Amazement named as two of the parks to undergo a heavy "reinvention"). This will include the creation of a spinoff real estate investment trust to invest in amusement parks, theaters, ski resorts, sports venues, and charter schools and to sub-contract some properties' operation. The company is set to move from the NYSE to NASDAQ.

After the George Floyd riots, the parks policies have been updated once again, with metal detectors added at all parks to prevent rioting occurring and stronger rules regarding derogatory comments and politics.

Recently, Carwardine has notified the California governor if that their parks aren't able to reopen by January 1, 2021, all the unopened Californian parks will be written as a tax write-off and will not possibly reopen until they get enough demand.

Carwardine has since changed their plans to sue the Californian government if they don't get the parks to open in time for Christmas.

In 2021, Grupo Wagner sold the chain back to the Carwardine family.

On May 1, 2021, the mask requirement was removed for the Ohioan and Texan parks.

Starting on June 1, 2021, the mask requirement was be removed for vaccinated people in states that are mask-optional.

Current

 * 44 Cats (since 2020)
 * The Andy Griffith Show & Mayberry R.F.D. (since 1993)
 * Angelina Ballerina (since 2003)
 * Animorphs (since 1998)
 * Alvin and the Chipmunks (since 2000; bought the licenses from Premier Parks, since Six Flags won't use the license)
 * Barney & Friends (since 1994; license shared with Universal Parks & Resorts)
 * Blazing Dragons (since 1997)
 * Care Bears (since 1987)
 * Devo (since 2005)
 * Dragon Tales (since 2003)
 * Doctor Who (since 2006)
 * Digimon (2000-2002, since 2015)
 * Eckhart (since 2003)
 * El Chavo (since 2016)
 * Franklin (since 2000)
 * Garfield (since 1997; license shared with Silverwood Theme Park)
 * The Get Along Gang (since 1987)
 * Goosebumps (since 1996)
 * Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. (since 1993)
 * Guardians of Ga'Hoole (since 2013)
 * Hi-5 (since 2003)
 * Hip Hop Harry (since 2006)
 * Homestar Runner (since 2017)
 * Inspector Gadget (since 1986)
 * Jim Henson properties (since 2000; license shared with Six Flags for Jim Henson's MuppetWorld)
 * LazyTown (since 2004)
 * Little Bear (since 2000)
 * Li'l Abner (since 1994) (Current at Dogpatch USA; Semi-Current at all other parks)
 * Matlock (since 1993)
 * Mega Man (since 1995)
 * Minecraft (since 2012; Licenses bought from Notch himself back in September 2011)
 * Mole Miner (since 2003)
 * MLB (since 2000; US & Canada parks only)
 * The Muppets (since 2000; license shared with Six Flags for Jim Henson's MuppetWorld and Disney)
 * Mythic Warriors: Guardians of the Legend (since 1999)
 * NFL (since 2017; US parks only)
 * Nickelodeon properties (since 2002; license shared with Triple Five Group, Village Roadshow Theme Parks, Universal Parks & Resorts, Sunway Group, and Blackpool Pleasure Beach)
 * Nintendo (since 1990; licenses now halved by both Carwardine and Universal, meaning that they both have licenses to Nintendo, but can't have the same attractions)
 * Pee-wee Herman (since 2011)
 * Power Rangers (1994-2002; since 2013)
 * The Raccoons (since 2001; license shared with Six Flags for Six Flags Winnipeg)
 * Rainbow Brite (since 1984)
 * The Red Green Show (since 2000)
 * Redwall (since 2000; license shared with the following companies: Renald-Zanni Entertainment & The Redwall Abbey Company Ltd. for live shows and character appearances at independent parks such as York's Wild Kingdom and Arnolds Park Amusement Park, Universal Parks & Resorts for Universal Studios Paris, and Latikuu Edacra for Latikuu Park)
 * Richard Scarry (since 1990)
 * ROBLOX (since 2017)
 * Transformers (since 1986; license shared with Universal Parks & Resorts; Carwardine is mostly restricted to using elements from G1 due to Universal using elements from the movies)
 * The Rock-afire Explosion (since 1990)
 * Sagwa the Chinese Siamese Cat (since 2003)
 * Sailor Moon (since 2018)
 * The Secret of NIMH (since 1995; license shared with Disney for Disney's Studio Park in Australia)
 * Sesame Street (1989-2007, since 2020; license shared with SeaWorld Entertainment)
 * Shining Time Station/Thomas and Friends (1994-2007, since 2011; license shared with Kennywood Entertainment Company)
 * Silverwing (since 2003)
 * Sonic the Hedgehog (since 1995)
 * Team Fortress 2 (since 2012)
 * The Three Stooges (since 1992)
 * Toad Patrol (since 2003)
 * VeggieTales (since 1998)
 * Warrior Cats (since 2004; license shared with Renald-Zanni Entertainment for live shows and character appearances at independent parks such as York's Wild Kingdom and Arnolds Park Amusement Park)
 * Watership Down (since 2000)
 * Wings of Fire (since 2018)
 * The Wiggles (since 2013)

Semi-current
These licenses don't have their own lands or attractions anymore, but the characters still wander around the park, appear in parades, have stage shows, and have meet & greet areas.
 * All Dogs Go to Heaven (since 1995)
 * Anatole (since 2000)
 * Big Bad Beetleborgs (1997-2002; since 2013)
 * The Country Mouse and City Mouse Adventures (since 1998)
 * Heathcliff & The Catillac Cats (since 1986)
 * McDonald's/McDonaldland (since 1989, mostly just the main characters of the franchise, but Mac Tonight did appear as an animatronic in Mayberry USA until a 2002 renovation that made the restaurant more "hometown", Freestyle Adventure City has a Mac Tonight animatronic in their McDonald's, which is a hand me down from a McDonald's in Atlanta licensed out to the Carwardine family)
 * Mortal Kombat (since 1996)
 * Noddy (since 1998)
 * Simsala Grimm (since 2004)
 * Strawberry Shortcake (since 1987)
 * Wunderkind Little Amadeus (since 2009)

Upcoming

 * The Simpsons (1990-2007, upcoming for 2021; license was lost to Universal, to be shared with Disney and Universal starting in 2021, announced at Virtual FairCon 2020)

Former

 * American Eagle Outfitters (2006-2011; AEO operated stores in some parks before closing the in park American Eagle and 77 Kids stores due to the in park American Eagle and 77 Kids stores being under performing which resulted in American Eagle Outfitters terminating their licensing agreement with Carwardine)
 * DreamWorks (1995-2007; lost the rights due to Grupo Wagner buying out the parks)
 * Harry Potter (2001-2007; Warner Bros. pulled the license and gave it to Universal due to lack of revenue)
 * LEGO (1995-2005; gradually toned down their usage of the license following Legoland California's opening before losing the licensing rights after bought the Legoland chain)
 * Marvel Comics (1993-1998; lost the licensing rights to Universal Studios in 1998)
 * Masked Rider (1995-2002)
 * Neale Godfrey's Money Town (1996-1999)
 * PBS Kids (1999-2007; lost the licensing rights due to various disagreements; Carwardine is planning to regain the license as part of Plan 2020)
 * Tony Hawk (2000-2006; lost the licensing rights to Six Flags)
 * Toys "R" Us (2001-2017; lost the licensing right due to the store chain's bankruptcy.)
 * VR Troopers (1995-2002)

Canceled

 * Hard Rock Cafe (was going to be used at Freestyle Adventure City, but the plans ended up being canceled due to a disagreement between Carwardine and the )

Current water parks
Does not include water parks located in amusement parks

Current fairs

 * FairCon - traveling fair.

Current venues

 * Maestro Stadium - Stadium in Newport News, opened 1991. Home stadium of the Carwardine family-owned Virginia Maestros of Major League Baseball.
 * Newport News Civic Center - Arena in Newport News, opened 1995. Was the first indoor Little League venue at the time. Was the first home venue of the Newport News Storm of the National Hockey League from 2001-2003 (the team did not play during the 2004–05 NHL lockout).
 * Grafton Arena - Arena in Grafton, Virginia near Newport News, opened 2006. Home arena of the Newport News Storm of the National Hockey League. (Formerly known as Wawa Arena from its opening in 2006 until 2021, when Carwardine lost the license)

Current other properties

 * Carwardine Funtown Resorts & Hotels - Chain of resorts, hotels and motels, founded in 2001.
 * Circus Playhouse &amp; Food Emporium - A family entertainment center chain, acquired in 1984.
 * Fantastic Tom's Pizza - A family entertainment center chain, founded in 1980. Initially a regional chain in and  before expanding nationwide in the 90s.
 * Jeepers! (Carwardine Parks) - A family entertainment center chain, revived in 2011.
 * Mount Tom Ski Area - Ski resort in Holyoke, Massachusetts - acquired in 2000.
 * Star Plaza - Hospitality complex in Merrillville, Indiana - acquired in 2016.
 * Tex Critter's Pizza Jamboree - A family entertainment center chain, acquired in 1984.
 * Tokens 'n Pizza - Family entertainment center in Bedford, New Hampshire, acquired in 2002.

Upcoming parks

 * CarwardineSphere (Lexington, Kentucky - to open in late 2022)
 * Montreal's Adventure Acres (, - to open in TBA Summer 2020, originally planned to open May 3rd)
 * World of Redwall Australia (, - to open in TBA December 2020, joint-venture with Disney and Great Australian Resorts Pty. Ltd.)

Former/upcoming cruise ships
The cruise line was "put on hold" in 2020 due to Coronavirus concerns. Carwardine has a master plan for restarting cruise line operations once the pandemic has passed, including debuting entirely new ships called "neo *greek letter*" (ex. Carwardine neoAlpha) to accompany the existing fleet.
 * Carwardine Alpha (built in 1990, first cruise ship under by Carwardine Parks) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines] {Carwardine neoAlpha, coming December 2021}
 * Carwardine Beta (built in 1991) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines] {Carwardine neoBeta, coming July 2022}
 * Carwardine Gamma (built in 1992) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Delta (built in 1993) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Epsilon (built in 1993) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Zeta (built in 1994) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Eta (built in 1994) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Theta (built in 1995) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Iota (built in 1995) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Kappa (built in 1995) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Lambda (built in 1996) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Mu (built in 1996) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Nu (built in 1996) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Xi (built in 1996) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Omicron (built in 1997) [laid up in Newport, Rhode Island, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Pi (built in 1998) [spared for Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Rho (bult in 1999) [laid up in Aliağa, Turkey, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Sigma (built in 2000) [laid up in Aliağa, Turkey, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Tau (built in 2000) [laid up in Aliağa, Turkey, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Upsilon (built in 2001) [laid up in Aliağa, Turkey, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Phi (built in 2001) [laid up in Newport News, Virginia, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Chi (built in 2001) [laid up in Newport News, Virginia, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Psi (built in 2001) [laid up in Newport News, Virginia, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]
 * Carwardine Omega (built in 2001) [laid up in Newport News, Virginia, might become part of Carwardine Legacy Lines]

Former theme parks

 * Canada's Adventure (1983-1985; sold to Funtime Parks, Inc.; now owned by Cedar Fair)
 * Colorado Canyon (1985) - Destroyed in a landslide in 1998, replaced with a new park with the same name in 2000 after 1 and a half years of construction.
 * Coney Island - spun off in 2007
 * Holy Land Park - (2008-2021; closed due to low attendance)
 * Kennywood (1990-2006; spun off in 2007)

Former other properties

 * Carwardine Mills - spun off in 2007, but the name remains

Cancelled parks

 * Schuyler Lake (planned to be bought by the Mills Corporation's Carwardine Parks division in 1999, but Six Flags rejected the sale)

Restaurant franchises in the parks
Most of the parks have one of these restaurant franchises. The soft drink brand who's products are served depends on the park (most Carwardine Parks serve Pepsi, others serve Coca-Cola: this is because Carwardine's soda contract is with Pepsi, however some of their acquired parks still serve Coca-Cola and run under their contract).
 * Auntie Anne’s/Cinnabon (at most locations; there were only Cinnabons at such parks before Focus Brands bought Auntie Anne’s, then starting in 2011, Auntie Anne’s locations connected to the Cinnabons began opening)
 * Burger King (at Geauga Lake and Screamin' Safari)
 * NOTE: Due to exclusivity rights, the Burger King at Geauga Lake is the only known location to serve Pepsi products instead of Coca-Cola. The standard Coca-Cola Freestyle machine is substituted with a Pepsi Spire, and the only drink from other locations that is kept is ICEE.
 * Carvel Ice Cream (at Carwardine Colony and AstroWorld)
 * Chick-Fil-A (at Whalom Park and Alabama's Backyard)
 * Dairy Queen & Orange Julius (at most locations)
 * Dairy Queen Grill & Chill (at some locations)
 * Dippin’ Dots (all locations)
 * Dunkin' Donuts & Baskin-Robbins (at some locations)
 * Insomnia Cookies (at some locations)
 * Krispy Kreme (at some locations)
 * KFC (at some locations)
 * Lee's Sandwiches (at AstroWorld and The World of Redwall)
 * Long John Silver's (at AstroWorld, Phelworth Mining Site USA and Geauga Lake)
 * McDonald's (at some locations)
 * NOTE: Due to exclusivity rights, the McDonald's branches at Carwardine Colony, Freestyle Adventure City, Andy Griffith's Mayberry U.S.A. and Omaha Luna Park are among the few to serve Pepsi products instead of Coca-Cola, the others being in airports and formerly at the.
 * Nestlé Toll House Café (at some locations)
 * Pizza Hut Express (at most locations)
 * Popeye's (at Louisiana Jazzland)
 * Pollo Campero (at Andy Griffith's Mayberry U.S.A. and Omaha Luna Park)
 * (at Chippewa Lake Park, Boston Funplex, and Darien Lake)
 * Taco Bell (at some locations)
 * Taco Bell Express (at some locations)
 * Tim Hortons (at some locations)
 * Starbucks (at Carwardine Colony, Capital Adventure City, Rose Park, and Geauga Lake)
 * Subway (all locations)

Passports

 * S-P Passport (Season Passes)
 * Q-X Passport (Fast Passes)
 * P-T Passport (Photo Passes)
 * D-N Passport (Dining Passes)
 * V-I Passport (VIP Passes)
 * L-T Passport (Lifetime Passes; only given out occasionally, once in a Nintendo Power contest in 1993, second time given to "Lasso Jockey" Louie Manson for riding Lasso at Carwardine Colony 10,000 times in 2000, the third time in 2005 for the 25th anniversary contest, the fourth time was given to Patty Rappach (formerly known as Richard Sal Rappach) in 2008 for riding Special Delivery at Omaha Luna Park 5,000 times, and the fifth time given in 2013 to Troy A. Vincent for riding Bobsled Run at Akron Acres 12,000 times)
 * M-B Passport (Membership Passes)

Trivia

 * Employees are called "Carnies", similar to Disney's "Cast Members" term.
 * This chain has an exclusivity deal with Pepsi, this is in contrast with most chains, who are sided with Coca-Cola instead.
 * Some acquired parks still have Coca-Cola, due to the licensing deals they used to have.