Crootch language

Crootch (Krotol') is the main language of Crootchistan. It is very far related to the Basque language, but, in general, the language is not similar to any existing language, even in its sounding.

The language almost does not have borrowings and does not have articles at all. It also has no genders. Stressing in the language is not stabil. The Crootch language uses a complicated system of tenses and cases and its grammar is very not typical for an European language as well as the grammar of the Basque language.

Words and sounds
a – /a/ – like in "fAther", an example: ak [ak] – "a house";

aa – /a:/, an example: naak [na:k] – "to eat";

b – /b/ – like in "Bomb", an example: shibo [ʂibo] – "ready";

ch – /t͡ʃ/ – like in "CHeck", an example: chungu [t͡ʃungu] – "small, little";

c – /t͡s/ – like in "siTS", an example: micuyoki [mit͡sujoki] – "new";

d – /d/ – like in "DaD", an example: door [do:r] – "music";

dz – /dz/ – does not exist in English, an example: dzou [dzou] – "when";

dd – /d:/, an example: bazaddukun [bazad:ukun] – "a situation, a location";

f – /f/ – like "Five", an example: fachung [fat͡ʃung] – "a bit, a little";

g – /ɡ/ – like in "Gold", an example: goondzu [go:ndzu] – "soon";

e – /ɛ/ – like in "hElp", an example: dzevug [dzɛvug] – "a part";

ee – /ɛ:/, an example: vichineeki [vit͡ʃinɛ:ki] – "courageous, brave";

ye – /je/ – like in "YEs", an example: lyeachuga [ljeat͡ʃuga] – "to find";

k – /k/ – like in "knoCK", an example: Kao? [kao] – "What?";

kk – /k:/, an example: rokkuon [rok:uon] – "a problem";

l – /ɫ/ – like in "Let", an example: morvushel [morvuʂɛɫ] – "dangerous, risky";

l' – /l soft/ – like in "pLease", an example: ashagel'  [aʂagɛl] – "beautiful";

ll – /l/ – does not exist in English, an example: shigill [ʂigil] – "morning";

o – /o/ – like in "mOre", an example: tukutoru [tukutoru] – "happy";

oo – /o:/, an example: mookh [mo:x] – "a reason";

u – /u/ – like in "fOOd", an example: Murut! [murut] – "Hi!";

uu – /u:/, an example: gel'vetuuka [gɛlvɛtu:ka] – "to match";

p – /p/ – like in "Pack", an example: kshaurip [kʂaurip] – "a lizard";

rh – /ʁ/ – like in "ARabic", this "r" is not sonant, an example: narhu [naʁu] – "to do";

r – /r, r̥/ – sonant "r", does not exist in English, an example: rou [rou] – "I (the pronoun)";

rr – /r̥/, an example: chorron [t͡ʃor̥on] – "bad";

s – /s/ – like in "Sick", an example: sarhami [saʁami] – "to understand";

ss – /s:/, an example: runassa [runas:a] – "to mature";

sh – /ʂ/ – like in "SHarp", an example: shaal [ʂa:ɫ] – "night";

ś – /ɕɕ/ – like in "SHeer", an example: śyorgel'  [ɕɕjorgɛl] – "pleasant";

kh – /x/ – like in "loCH", an example: tumunzakh [tumunzax] – "fear, a phobia";

khl – /ɬ/ – the Welsh "ll" sound, does not exist in English, an example: khleyn [ɬɛjn] – "autumn";

t – /t/ – like in "Take", an example: toiva [tojva] – "to have";

tt – /t:/, an example: chukuttu [t͡ʃukut:u] – "enough";

m – /m/ – like in "Mock", an example: murhichi [muʁit͡ʃi] – "to like (something)";

n – /n/ – like in "Not", an example: shenaki [ʂɛnaki] – "to control";

n' – /ɲ/ – does not exist in English, Spanish ñ, an example: kishin' yaki [kiʂiɲjaki] – "today";

nn – /n:/, an example: enna [ɛn:a] – "real";

y – /j/ – like in "toY", an example: cakheyrhu [t͡saxɛjʁuj – "a soul";

i – /i, j/ – like in "mE", examples: in [in] – "it", veiga [vɛjga] – "to want, to wish (to do something)";

ii – /i:/, an example: nasiitka [nasi:tka] – "approximately, nearly, cirka";

v – /v/ – like in "Visit", an example viaguk [viaguk] – "a thing, an object (material)";

vv – /v:/, an example: savvaku [sav:aku] – "a flower";

z – /z/ – like in "quiZ", an example: dovagolzag [dovagoɫzag] – "to approve";

zh – /ʐ/ – like in "pleaSure", an example: kizhminyogel'  [kiʐminjogɛl] – "sudden".

J j – /dʒ/ – like in "Joy", an example: jala [dʒala] – "crazy, insane".

A Cyrillic adaptation for the Crootch language is below.

а – a;

аа – аа;

б – b;

ч – ch;

ц – c;

д – d;

дд – dd;

дз – dz;

ф – f;

г – g;

э – e;

ээ – ee;

е – ye;

к – k;

кк – kk;

л – l;

ль – l';

лл – ll;

o – o;

oo – oo;

у – u;

уу – uu;

п – p;

' or թ – rh;

р – r;

рр – rr;

с – s;

сс – ss;

щ – ś;

ш – sh;

х – kh;

хл or ԓ – khl;

т – t;

тт – tt;

м – m;

н – n;

нн – nn;

нь – n';

й – y;

и – i;

ии – ii;

в – v;

вв – vv;

з – z;

ж – zh;

дж – j;

ё – yo;

я – ya.

Phrases
A few of the basic Crootch phrases are listed below.
 * Bai/Chea – "Yes";
 * Ta – "No";
 * Kao nin? – "What is this/that/it?";
 * Noshega rou – "My name is (literally: "I call myself")";
 * Shigo – "There is need to (if this word is used with pronouns, then the pronouns stay in Dative)";
 * Tashigo – "There is no need to";
 * Seigo – "One can/One may";
 * Baldzota – "I do not know (only when you was asked, for example, where is a WC near or whatever; it means knowledge not about things in general)";
 * Murut – "Hi";
 * Murukatoru! – "Hello!/Greetings!";
 * K'yorud (naceeyrhu) – "Thank you (very much)/Thanks";
 * Kolyon – "Excuse me";
 * Shel'mudzo, aksh... – "I think that/I guess that";
 * Aru! – "Bye!";
 * Arukatoru! – "Goodbye!";
 * Shaalukatoru! – "Good night!";
 * Shikatoru! – "Good morning!";
 * Neki sarhamdzota – "I do not understand (exactly now)";
 * Sinchiikan' – "Believe me";
 * Meshedez – "Please";
 * Doy tashotu – "You are welcome";
 * Ni-sanm'yoshel! – "Amazing!/Cool!/Super!/Great!";
 * Sil'vetaakh nrou, shegamdzuyo edulikhe – "I am tired, talk to you later";
 * Amshemurdzo neki – "I love you";
 * Shrok-ta/Dzokkal'-ta – "Not now/Later";
 * Tashigo inde norha!/Ni-mokhvagel'-ta! – "It cannot be!/It is impossible!";
 * Undratodzo – "I am busy";
 * Tayo bonu – "I have no money";
 * Incen tayo lingru – " 'I have no time (for this)";
 * Shuimengel'-do vishaniimdzo! – "You made me mad!";
 * Ni-viidulikh – "I understand/I see";
 * Veidzo a-naak – "I am hungry";
 * Ni-narhun'! – "Do it!";
 * Sakuuman' cakheyrhe – "Do not give up".
 * Ni-chaneekul (aksh)... – "To be honest...".
 * Nin vebalza (aksh)... – "I am sure (that)...".
 * Na'adzo (nekidum) – "I agree (with you)".
 * Enokadzeva lingya chin' – "It has already changed/It is already different/it is not what you think".
 * Roiva shigo – "I had to";
 * Kinaflized mikaru seigo? – "How can I help?";
 * Naflize-do gurhu – "In anyways";
 * Slikaveshadzo, mikayarhu – "I am glad to help/You are welcome (another variant)";
 * Baldzoyook daruma, kay dreiguk shamdzok – "Knowledge is important, but skills are more important".
 * Adu gel'vezok shangrotte! – "Good luck to you!".
 * Nin gel'vedya venarhu! – "Good job!/Well done!".
 * Einvyeraan! – "See you later!".
 * Gurhu-do shokimset – "As usually".
 * Lingre dzou murhikhe – "When it is boring/When you are bored".
 * Nashin'yaki ni-chorron-toki – "Tomorrow it will be better/Tomorrow is a new day".
 * In mekhludze/dzel' (aksh)... – "It means (that)".
 * En frozukhin voshug-yon – "I love/like reading/books".

Grammar
The order of the words in sentences is free, except for some rules, for example, norha – "to be" always stands at the end of a sentence. Plural is made by means of tne endings -ch (if a word ends with a vowel) and -ach (if a word ends with a consonant); if a word ends with kh, then plural is made by means of the ending -sh.

The Crootch grammatic cases with examples are present below. Crootch tenses, as opposed to English, must be very precisely used. For example, if you have a thing or if you see something exactly now, you must necessarily use Present Continuous. Verbs conjugate only in the Continuous tenses. 
 * Rumig – "a/the friend"; rumigach – "friends".
 * Nevudzo rumigE – "I see a/the friend (now)"; Nevudzo rumigchE – "I see the friends (now)".
 * Ak rumigU – "the/a house of a/the friend"; Ak rumigchU – "a/the house of the friends".
 * Toivotaas rumigAD – "to give to a/the friend"; Toivotaas rumigachAD – "to give to the the friends".
 * Teirhu voshug-DO, nay gel'ved, norhayo – "You will be a good friend (rumig and voshug have the same meaning)"; Mekhlate-O bagol norhayo – "The day will be warm"; Dorhuyo gel'ved rumig-DOch – "We will be good friends".
 * Nuoriyoodzo nuoriguk-DO – "I am drawing with a pencil"; Nuoriyoodzo nuoriguk-DOch – "I am drawing with the pencils".
 * Darumdzal' deirhu ashka-DO – "You (plural) have been thinking for a week"; mekhlamur-DO – "in (during) summer".
 * ChinookA (Nominative: Chinooko) – "In a/the forest"; akA (Nominative: ak) – "in a/the house"; akchA – "in the houses"; agaVA (Nominative: aga) – "inside you".
 * RumigDUM – "with a/the friend".
 * Daredzo voshuTKHA – "I am moving to a/the friend"; Daredzo voshugaTKHA – "I am moving to the friends".
 * RumigTAS – "without a/the friend"; rumigaTAS – without the friends.
 * NireNUK – "on the ground".
 * RumigCEN – "for a/the friend"; rumigaCEN – "for the friends".
 * RumigUM – "about a/the friend"; rumigchUM – "about the friends".
 * Rumig-DON – "as a friend".
 * Akhvizdiikha rumigVE – "to stay by (near) a/the friend".
 * Rumig-DAN – "like a/the friend".
 * KrotoamKO – "from Crootchistan".
 * RumigTUKH – "behind a/the friend".

Present Simple
Verbs never change. This tense is used to say about things you do always or in general: Fingilla rou nevunga voshuge – "I see the friend often"; Murhichi rou a-mikhlaitok – "I like to run/I like running".

En – "is/are": Doorka en gel'ved – "The song is good". Doorka en gel've-ta – "The song is not good".

Another construction means using nay – "which/who is/are": Doorka, nay gel'ved – "A song, which is good"; Velkha, nay shufuri – "A person, who is nice".

Participles are made by means of the next rules:

if a verbs ends with -a and -u, it is always cut, then if after it a verb ends with -m, -sh, -v, -r, -rh or -i you add the ending -igu (-gu in the last case): varhum ("to come") – varhumigu ("coming"), gel'vetosh "to improve" – gel'vetoshigu ("improving"), sarham ("to understand") – sarhamigu ("understanding"), shoiva ("to write") – shoivigu ("writing"), mikaru ("to help") – mikarigu ("helping"), narhu ("to do") – narhigu ("doing") etc.;

if the verb ends with -k or -g, -d, -kh, -z, -s or -n you add the ending -u: shaltuk ("to sleep") – shaltuku ("sleeping"), bazda ("to locate, to situate") – bazdu ("locating, situating"), varrakun ("to ask") – varrakunu ("asking"), divyenrokh ("to remember") – divyenrokhu ("remembering"), balza ("to know") – balzu ("knowing"), toivotaas ("to give") – toivotaasu ("giving"), navigolzag ("to discover") – navigolzagu ("discovering");

if the verb ends with -t you add the ending -tu: bonyoshet ("to pay") – bonyoshettu ("paying").

Adverbs are made by adding to adjective and participles the ending -ya; moreover, if a word ends with a vowel, it is often cut (but this rule is never used if a word ends with a nosonant): ashagel'  ("beautiful") – ashagel' ya ("beautifully"); turnrooki ("nice") – turnrookya ("nicely"); kisiyoki ("amusing") – kisiyokiya ("amusingly") etc.

Pronouns:

nrou [nrou] – "I am";

naga [naga] – "you are (not politely)", Enmiku – "you are (politely)";

nrui [nruj] – "he is";

neiva [nɛjva] – "she is";

nin [nin] – "it is";

naika [najka] – "we are";

naiga [najga] – "you are (plural)";

nrouku [nrouku] – "they are".

Present Continuous
The Continuous tenses in Crootch are always used when the action is meant to be a process.

Verbs conjugate in this tense with the next endings: rou ("I") – -dzo; aga and Miku ("you" – not politely and politely) – -dza; rui/eiva/in ("he/she/it") – -dze/-dzel'   ; aika ("we") – -dzu; aiga ("you" in plural) – -dzal'   ; rouku ("they") – -dzol' .

Making the Continuous form out of a verb can be a problem for those, who do not speak the language: it is not always clear how to make this, for example, shegami ("to speak") – shegamdzo; shekasum ("to say") – shekadzo; shenarhu ("to admit") – shenarhudzo etc.

Pronouns in the Continuous tenses are almost always not used because the verbs have enough information.

Past Continuous
This tense is made by means of the same endings as Present Continuous, but additionally by means of the ending -khe: Shlidzokhe – "I was crying"; Narhudzakhe – "You were doing" etc.

Future Continuous
This tense is made by means of the same endings as Present Continuous, but additionally by means of the ending -yo  (and it does not matter to wich word in the sentence you add this ending): Shlidzayo – "You will be crying"; Makhel'teveyo kishin'yaki narhudzo-ni – "I will be doing it today for sure" etc.

Present Perfect
This tense is always used when it means that the action has been finished.

The tense is made by adding e- to the beginning of a verb. If a verb starts with i-, you cut it and add e- instead: narhu ("to do") – enarhu; ikushi ("to meet") – ekushi.

If the tense is used in a sentence without a pronoun, you must add du to the end of the sentence: L'youk evarhum du – "The boy has come/The boy came".

If there are the pronouns in a sentence, you need to convert them to the "perfect" form:

rou → roiva [rojva];

aga/Miku → teirhu [tɛjʁu];

rui → keirhu [kɛjʁu];

eiva → eiśi [ɛjɕɕi];

in → chin' [t͡ʃiɲ];

aika → dorhu [doʁu];

aiga → deirhu [dɛjʁu].

Examples: Ekashvidzoka dorhu ake [ɛkaʂvidzoka doʁu akɛ] – "We have left the house/We left the house";

Kishin'yaki enevinrokh-ni eiśi [kiʂiɲjaki ɛnɛvinrox-ni ɛjɕɕi] – "She has read it today";

Esarhami keirhu tuvumgel'ya [ɛsaʁami kɛjʁu tuvumgɛlja] – "He has understood finally/He understood finally" etc.

Future Perfect "Far"
The tense is used when it is meant that an action will happen in the future, but not certainly. As opposed to Present Perfect, in this tense you do not add e- to the beginning of a verb. Like in most of the Crootch future tenses, you add -yo to any word in the sentence:

Chinooke dorhu lyeachugyo [t͡ʃino:kɛ doʁu ljeat͡ʃugjo] – "We will have found the forest";

Shekasum eiśiyo, krok ni-narhu [ʂɛkasum ɛjɕɕijo krok ni-naʁu] – "She will have said how to do it";

Magul'shiida myekhotaryo goondzu du [magulʂi:da mjexotarjo go:ndzu du] – "The bird will have died soon".

Future Perfect "Close"
The tense is used when it is meant that an action will certainly happen in the nearest future. As opposed to the "Far" Future Perfect, you add the -ne instead of -yo. If a verb ends with -a, -u or -i, you have to cut it, but -a is sometimes not cut. If there are no any pronouns in a sentence, du, as opposed to the "Far" future Perfect, is not needed:

Roiva ikushne rumige [rojva ikuʂnɛ rumigɛ] – "I am going to meet a friend/I will have met a friend (very soon);

Dorhu chugekhlane ina-mende [doʁu t͡ʃugeɬanɛ ina-mɛndɛ] – "We are going to climb this mountain/We will have cliumbed this mountain (very soon)";

Tonokhle arhkadukne l'youk [tonoɬɛ aʁkaduknɛ ljouk] – "The boy will have learnt the lesson (very soon)".

Present Perfect Continuous
This tense is made by the same endings as the other continuous tenses, but to make this tense you, to addition to the endings of the Continuous tenses, need to convert the pronouns to the "perfect" form:

Shegamdzu dorhu 3 (iru) lin'yok-doch [ʂɛgamdzu doʁu iru liɲjok-dot͡ʃ] – "We have been talking for 3 hours";

Lyeayodzo voshuge roiva [ljeajodzo voʂugɛ rojva] – "I have been looking for a friend";

Darumdzol'  chigo ashka-do [darumdzol t͡ʃigo aʂka-do] – "They have been thinking for a week".

If there are no the pronouns in a sentence, you add du to the end of the sentence:

Gushtu bagol-do nevinrodze l'youk du – "The boy has been reading for the whole day".

Crootch names
Crootch names always have particular meanings and come mainly from the Crootch words.

Below are some of the examples (the acuts mean stressing):

Eníísi [ɛni:si] (male, shortened: Ééni) – "living, existing (from enna – "real")";

Darumési [darumɛsi] (male, shortened: Darém) – "thinking, thoughtful (from daruma – "to think")";

Tomási [tomasi] (male, shortened: Tómi) – "a strong one (from domasii – "strong")";

Eridómell [ɛridomel] (male) – "bear-like (from eridor – "a bear")";

Tukkoyén [tuk:ojen] (male, shortened: Túkko) – "a happy one (from tukutoru – "happy")";

Drélshik [drɛɫʂik] (male, shortened: Dréégo) – "a formidable one (from dreshigel' – "formidable, impressive")";

Dóóyorven [do:jorven] (male, shortened: Dórvin) – "the one, who plays music (from door – "music")";

Makiárvo [makiarvo] (male)/Makiárvi [makiarvi] (female) – "pure like a kid (from muk – "a kid" and arvoshku – "entire")";

Shavák [ʂavak] (female, shortened: Shávi) – "a careful mother (from shavigel' – "careful")";

Tarimé [tarimɛ] (female, shortened: Tára) – "bird-like (from myekhotar – "a bird")";

Eguési [ɛguɛsi] (female, shortened: Éiga) – "sunny (from Eguski – "the Sun")";

Alumé [alumɛ] (female, shortened: Alú) – "wolf-like (from Alushima – "she-wolf");

Nuorimé [nuorimɛ] (shortened: Núúri) – "colourful (from Nuori – "paint")".

Text extracts
''Nagushiko, ina-frozukhin murudzogel' a-tonokhlashos beyvash, vokhlaya dzogul bazaddukuncha toivonarhu kinaflized. Ni-gevukhlayoki, aksh voorvatu lingra-do mokhvamalzog mokhvayookach, nay shoyrukhsi-yol', koldzooshel va'akiiski. Nistoki frozukhin shayooki velkhamurcen shungul'yoki-do a-norha''.

"Mainly, this popular book tries to teach, which way is the best for that to behave correctly in hard situations. It is obvious that very terrible and also cruel events happen in our generation. Such a book is able to be useful for people".

Below are short extracts from a famous Crootch book called "A weirdo from that forest (Shukumavelkha na-chinokko)".

''Inka flidda shufuri shigill. Evishaakha moonoren shel'gyetuz mekhlate-o kishin'yaki a-norha, kaygullmeli noodun akhluyooshel fachung viaguk-do norhka, du. Nazukul munshrok a-tomuza kundayooke chinooka, Eniisi eshamdzok a-zulshuka falguude, iva nrui shayooki a-lyeachuga nazhguvel' smavche fingilla, du. Kay shrolingkh enokadzeva chin' makhel'teve shukumaanya...''

"It was another nice morning. The weather was going to be quite warm today, however the sky was a bit gloomy. Before to start a hunt in the forest again, Eniisi decided to check the cave, in which he is often able to find tasty mushrooms. But this time it turned on really weirdly...".

''Roiva baldzo-ni! Antukshe azaalitas ni-bovashgel' a-sarhami, chigo nokhlu kshegoldzol' aksh. Ta, ta, tomishootu nrou samshug-ta. Veidzo tarhven a-shodvagolzag avachimzeelya, shigal' rou zu nirenge narhu. Naflize-do gurhu, vishaniimdzota, nin gel'vetuuku aracha incen aksh. Seigo shaltuk, kay shigal' rou zu? Lingra en kishin'yaki cheango, dzou nrou shayooki nia-toon lingragushi-do! Isi, nin sil'vetayook, nokhlu ma'ashiidu... Yoshin'yaki darumdzoyo.''

"(A monologue) I have been knowing that! It is easy to understand even without experience that they hated me. No, no, I am absolutely not angry. I only want to realize completely whether I should do anything. I do not feel it is a suitable evening for this in anyways. I can sleep, but should I? Today is certainly the time when I am able to change it forever! Well, there is tiredness, which is killing me. I will think tomorrow".

''– Baldza, aksh? Enavigolzag roiva cheango śyorgel' drotte, nay dumgel'ya shonsuvi.''

– Nistoki drotta mokhvagel' tarhven shalyokka voorvatu lingra-do.

''– Ta! Sarhamdzo, aksh ni-khyorhgel' in-do sinchiika. Isi, bovashgel'ya tunshukne roiva. Lyeaś!''

Shavokhla makisoki lingru, chigo elyeatoiva naceeyrhu chinooke, iva Eniisi lungshoode toiva du.

''– Rou balza ina-chinookum. Eguloma roivaksh nin tumunzel' drotta.''

''– Tomishootu ni-vokhla-ta, Drelshik. Chinooko vatuksua shingyokhla. Taseigo lyeachuga drotte, nay shtel'gakhe!''

''– Gulomsheyarhu ina-chinookum, ni-khyorhgel' in-do a-sinchiika... Kaygullmeli nrou shibo. Tunshukan' vokhlayooke.''

"(A dialogue)

– Do you know what? I have discovered a truly pleasant place, which is also silent.

– Such a place is possible only in a dream (while sleeping) nowadays.

– No! I understand that it is difficult to believe. Well, I will simply show. Follow me!

After some time, they reached the big forest, in which Eniisi had his home.

– I know about this forest. I heard that it is a scary place.

– It is absolutely not true, Drelshik. The forest lives in calmness. We cannot find a safer place.

– After the things I heard about this forest it is hard to believe... However I am ready. Show me the truth!"

Crootch dubs
Most media is dubbed into Crootch, subtitling is usually only used for the hearing impaired.

The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (Micuyoki feykroch Vinni-Pukhdum)

 * Winnie the Pooh → Vinni-Pukh
 * Aired in the 90's on Crootchistan television channel CGT 1, currently rerun as of 2018 on CGT Yay!
 * The opening song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GWpMU3m2q2A

Darkwing Duck (Galkhotar)

 * Drake Mallard/Darkwing Duck → Nisskia Hotar/Galkhotar

Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears (GumiEridochi)
The opening song: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nr8COb7aB0M