Magisteria

Magisteria, also known as United Magisteria, and officially known as the Socialist Republics of United Magisteria (USRUM) (French: Républiques Socialistes du Magistère Uni; RSMU), is a sovereign state that spans from  to its archipelagic union republic in  and in the. A modern-day, it is the only constitutionally in mainland North America. Albeit a one-party state governed by the Communist Party of Magisteria, the Central Executive Committee can have members from political parties that oppose the governing party. The capital is Annesia City and the largest being Dayton, where both cities are located in the Federal Capital Territory. It is one of the largest countries in the world, covering over 938,023 square kilometers (362,172 square miles) and spanning three time zones.

Magisteria's contemporary government originated from the bloodless 1930-31 Republican Revolution that replaced the monarchist commonwealth government. Thanks to the growing unrest, Sébastien Jacques - a popular republican - marched with a hundred thousand revolutionaries into Annesia and was greeted by the 1st Army, which joined in with the march. After the simple yet overwhelmingly powerful march, the government announced a referendum to be held on which if a republican government should be established.

The referendum, unsurprisingly, passed with 92.6% of Magisterians voting in favour of replacing the commonwealth government into a republican government. Sébastien Jacques was also elected unanimously as the first President of the Republic of Magisteria.

Jacques' brief rule as the president was cut short when General Boniface Petit of the Magisterian Royal Forces - who was also a notable Nazi sympathizer - led a coup d'etat, imprisoned Jacques and his allies, and executed alleged communists or communist sympathizers. Petit then established the second republic, and brought the country close to the Axis Powers. Petit's executions and policies similar to Hitler's policies contributed to the Magisterian Socialist Revolution of 1945-46.

The communist revolutionaries led by Martin Jean, who were leading the Socialist Revolution, took advantage on Nazi Germany's surrender in 1945 and called the Soviet Union for help to overthrow Petit. The revolutionary victory established the Magisterian People's Republic, North America's first constitutionally socialist state and the only socialist state to border the United States.

Following the victory of the communist revolutionaries, Martin Jean inaugurated a period of rapid industrialization and forced collectivization that led to significant economic growth and development of the country. Jean also expanded the territory of the country, occupying islands in Micronesia and in the Pacific Ocean, and also taking all of the Magisterian peninsula. He also transformed the Marxist Labour Party into the Communist Party of Magisteria, and became the leading force of Magisterian communism.

As the only Soviet-aligned state that borders the United States, it felt pressured as a member of the Warsaw Pact. Its membership with the Warsaw Pact was short-lived as Magisteria would move away from the Warsaw Pact in 1961, in order to avoid any proxy war. Magisteria would become one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement in the same year. Following Jean's death in 1974, a period known as the 'First Economic Golden Age' occured under the leadership of Jean-Pierre Segel. Segel introduced 'Segelian' economic reforms, which transformed the Magisterian command economy into a truly different model from the Soviet economic system. Though they were state-owned enterprises, Magisterian companies were nominally collectively managed by the employees themselves through workers' self-management, albeit with state oversight dictating wage bills and the hiring and firing of managers.

The economic golden age caused by Segel contributed to Segel's immense popularity and high trust on the government by the Magisterian people. Despite Magisteria's non-aligned stance, the country's economy still accepted Soviet economic aid and when the Revolutions of 1989 officially began in 1986, the economic golden age was effectively over and Magisteria entered the four-year 'Years of Stagnation' period. Like Jean, Segel always knew that force wasn't the solution and instead kept the Communist Party's popularity high by doing consistent, effective economic decisions to stop the economic stagnation.

At the same time where the Soviet Union finally collapsed after 69 years of existence, Segel managed to stop the economic stagnation. In an 1992 interview, Segel saw the Soviet Union's collapse as a big threat to Magisterian communism. After that, Segel began expanding his military and using the technological advantages of the country to achieve technological achievements while expanding the country's influence in the remaining communist countries like Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and Mainland China. Segel also ordered the creations of military bases in Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, as well in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic.

By 1994, Segel announced his retirement as the General Secretary and also announced the creation of a new constitution. The constitution introduced a three-member executive body called the "Central Executive Committee", which consisted of the General Secretary, the President, and the Chancellor. In 1995, the new constitution was ratified and went in effect a week later. A week after the constitution became effective, Segel announced the three members of the first-ever Central Executive Committee; Simon Thwaite as the General Secretary, Francisque Gagneux as the President, and Sébastien Savatier as the Chancellor.

The first Central Executive Committee began their term on 1 October 1995. During their term, Magisteria enjoyed a prolonged economic boom, and became a highly developed country. The committee continued the military expansion to fully achieve the superpower status and in 1999, Magisteria became an official global superpower. The first committee lasted until when Thwaite's health began to deteriorate by 2002 and he eventually passed away in 2005 due to leukemia. The People's Chamber passed the decree to begin the process of the creation of the second Central Executive Committee.

The second Central Executive Committee was history-making, as it was the first time that Magisteria was ruled by women. The second committee consisted of; Louane Dufour as the General Secretary, Rébecca Masson as the President, and Catherine Hubert as the Chancellor. Under the all-female committee, new economic policies strengthened the Magisterian economy, LGBTQ+ rights were expanded as same-sex marriage was decriminalized and the constitution was amended to ban all anti-LGBTQ+ discrimination.

The second committee dissolved in 2018 after Dufour, Masson, and Hubert agreed to dissolve the committee "for personal reasons". The third committee consisted of; Charles Nishiyama as the General Secretary, Athelstan Matthews as the President, and Catherine Fournier-Dixon as the Chancellor. The third committee continued the previous committee's policies, and they saw their popularity boost during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decisive actions of the committee led to Magisteria being COVID-19 free by July 2021. The third committee is set to dissolve by next year after a scandal that involved Charles Nishiyama broke out, and Nishiyama was forced to begin the process of the dissolution.

Magisteria has a very strong, advanced economy and a strong civil rights record with average political freedoms. Magisterians have no unemployment problems and enjoy one of the best standards of living in the world. It is a developed country with one of the largest economies in the world. Magisteria performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy and human development. It remains a great power in global affairs, being one of the six permanent members of the United Nations Security Council and an official nuclear-weapon state. Magisteria is a founding and a leading member of the Nations for World Peace (NWP) organization, as well as a key member of the Group of Eight, the, (OECD) and. From Segel's military and foreign policy to the establishment of the first Central Executive Committee, the country obtained the status as a global superpower, alongside the United States.

Etymology
The name "Magisteria" was reused from the capital city's original name. The name was used in the monarchical dynasty which meant "Master (Magis) of Lands (teria)"

Prehistory
The early inhabitants of the land now known as Magisteria were the first inhabitants of North America who migrated from Siberia by way of the Bering land bridge and arrived at least 12,000 years ago, or prior thanks to some evidence suggesting an even earlier date of arrival.

French era: 1617-1792
For the first half of the country's colonial era, the country was under French rule as part of the New France area in North America, with the foundation of Port Champlain, which later became Annesia City, in 1617. The French rule ended due to the colonial conflict with Great Britain, which saw Magisteria becoming a British colony by 1792.

British era and Magisterian Commonwealth: 1792-1901
The British era began in 1792 after the colonial conflict with France being the main reason to Magisteria becoming a British colony. Magisteria would be a British colony for 109 years until after years of planning resulted into the establishment of the Magisterian Commonwealth which gave the colony more independence than before.

After the 1907 Imperial Conference, Magisteria, Australia and and several other self-governing British settler colonies were given the status of self-governing "dominions" within the British Empire. The commonwealth would meet its end in 1930 during the Republican Revolution.

Republican Revolution and First Republic: 1931-1935
The republican revolutionaries managed to get the monarchist commonwealth government to hold a referendum to form a new government. The referendum passed with 92% of Magisterians voting in favour. Sébastien Jacques was unanimously elected as the first President of the Republic of Magisteria.

His administration got off to an inauspicious start, as a new constitution was made, transforming Magisteria into a parliamentary republic. Jacques was a determined idealist, following a path that would ultimately lead his administration to its doom.

Coup d'etat: 1936-1937
As Jacques' already weak grip over the Magisterian government loosened, Boniface Petit - a general of the Magisterian Royal Forces and a notable Nazi sympathizer - led a coup d'etat, seizing control over the government. During this time, Petit ordered the executions of his political opponents, mainly communists, and the execution of Sébastien Jacques.

Second Republic: 1937-1945
The second republic is considered to be a dark mark in Magisteria's history. Jewish executions, political oppression, and instability contributing to the second republic's failure. Petit also grew increasingly paranoid, and executed government officials who were alleged to be disloyal. Meanwhile Petit continues his fascist rule, a communist underground resistance under the leadership of Martin Jean were growing.

Magisterian Socialist Revolution: 1945-1946
By early-1945, at the time where Nazi Germany was losing the second World War, an armed uprising led by the resistance began. Taking advantage on Nazi Germany's defeats and later surrender, the resistance called for backup on the Soviet Union to finally get rid on the remaining Petit loyalists. In 1946, the communist revolutionaries were victorious and then later established the Magisterian People's Republic.

Magisterian People's Republic and expansion: 1946-1959
The Magisterian People's Republic became the first constitutionally socialist state in North America, as well the first and only socialist state to share land borders with the United States. Martin Jean was named the General Secretary of the newly formed Communist Party, and he brought the country closer to the Soviet Union. At Jean's first actions as the General Secretary, Jean replaced the market economy with a command economy which led to a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization in Magisteria. During this period, rapid economic development resulted in dramatic improvements in the average standard of living, particularly in urban areas. The country saw major reforms under the ideology of Jeanism. It promoted Marxist-Leninist economic policies while promoting press freedom and anti-corruption.

As the country didnt fully occupy the unoccupied land of the Magisterian peninsula, Jean ordered to annex all of the occupied lands of the peninsula to make sure the United States will not get any of the land. Meanwhile Magisteria finally occupied all the remaining land of the peninsula, Magisteria also expanded their territory to Micronesia and in the Pacific Ocean.

Declaration, Magisterian-Soviet Split: 1959-1961
After the Magisterian expansion, the country declared the formation of the 'Socialist Republics of United Magisteria', with the establishments of new union republics in the annexed peninsular land, an archipelago in Micronesia (Micronesian-Magisterian Socialist Union Republic) and in the Pacific Ocean (Pacific-Magisterian Socialist Union Republic). The government initiated on major development projects on the archipelagic union republics with main targets of the project was fighting illiteracy by building state-of-the-art schools, as well building new state-of-the-art hospitals.

Thanks to its borders, Magisteria has history of diplomatic pressure especially being the only socialist state bordering the United States. The pressure was high that the country's membership with the Warsaw Pact was short-lived, and Magisteria was forced to be neutral. In September 1961, Magisteria joined the Non-Aligned Movement with fellow Socialist Bloc country Yugoslavia.

Death of Martin Jean, Economic Golden Age: 1974-1987
In 1974, Martin Jean sadly passed away due to an heart attack and the funeral of Martin Jean was held a week after his death. His funeral drew many statesmen from around the globe, from Western, Eastern and Non-Aligned countries. It was the most attended state funeral in Magisterian history. The attendees included 8 monarchs, 20 prime ministers, 29 presidents, and 47 ministers of foreign affairs. Also present were delegates from seven multilateral organizations, six movements and 40 political parties.

Jean-Pierre Segel, Martin Jean's protege, would succeed him as the General Secretary. After being inaugurated, Segel immediately initiated on Titoist economic reforms, which would then lead to Magisteria's economic golden age. Magisteria's economic golden age refers to the period of rapid economic growth that Magisteria experienced from 1976 to 1987. Prior to the reforms, the Magisterian economy was dominated by state ownership and central planning. From 1951 to 1975, Magisterian real GDP per capita grew at a rate of 2.9% per year on average. Segel's 'Segelian economic reforms' intended to "boost the economic growth to ensure a strong Magisterian economy for the future". Segel began a transition from central planning into decentralized planning, and also allowed market reforms.

Segelian economics were wildly successful and contributed to Segel's immense popularity. Under Segel, standards of living drastically improved, the average income rose, inequality became a thing of the past, and unemployment rapidly declined.

Years of Stagnation: 1987-1991
The economic golden age would effectively come to an end after the Revolutions of 1989 officially began in 1986. Between 1987 and 1991, Magisteria's economy stagnated in similar fashion to the Lost Decades of Japan. In 1988, the Magisterian economy, as measured by GDP, grew only 0.46% rather than 18-22% during the economic golden age.

Segel immediately initiated the 'Economic Rescue' plan to salvage the economy. When at the same time the Soviet Union finally collapsed after 69 years of existence, Segel managed to rescue the economy from further stagnation.

Contemporary era: 1991-present
In an 1992 interview, Segel saw the Soviet Union's collapse as a big threat to Magisterian communism. After that, Segel began expanding his military and using the technological advantages of the country to achieve technological achievements while expanding the country's influence in the remaining communist countries like Cuba, Laos, Vietnam, and Mainland China. Segel also ordered the creations of military bases in Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam, as well in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic.

By 1994, Segel announced his retirement as the General Secretary and also announced the creation of a new constitution. The constitution introduced a three-member executive body called the "Central Executive Committee", which consisted of the General Secretary, the President, and the Chancellor. In 1995, the new constitution was ratified and went in effect a week later.

A week after the constitution became effective, Segel announced the three members of the first-ever Central Executive Committee; Simon Thwaite as the General Secretary, Francisque Gagneux as the President, and Sébastien Savatier as the Chancellor. The first Central Executive Committee began their term on 1 October 1995. During their term, Magisteria enjoyed a prolonged economic boom, and became a highly developed country. The committee continued the military expansion to fully achieve the superpower status and in 1999, Magisteria became an official global superpower.

The first committee lasted until when Thwaite's health began to deteriorate by 2002 and he eventually passed away in 2005 due to leukemia. The People's Chamber passed the decree to begin the process of the creation of the second Central Executive Committee. The second Central Executive Committee was history-making, as it was the first time that Magisteria was ruled by women.

The second committee consisted of; Louane Dufour as the General Secretary, Rébecca Masson as the President, and Catherine Hubert as the Chancellor. Under the all-female committee, new economic policies strengthened the Magisterian economy, LGBTQ+ rights were expanded as same-sex marriage was decriminalized and the constitution was amended to ban all anti-LGBTQ+ discrimination. The second committee dissolved in 2018 after Dufour, Masson, and Hubert agreed to dissolve the committee "for personal reasons".

The third committee consisted of; Charles Nishiyama as the General Secretary, Athelstan Matthews as the President, and Catherine Fournier-Dixon as the Chancellor. The third committee continued the previous committee's policies, and they saw their popularity boost during the COVID-19 pandemic. The decisive actions of the committee led to Magisteria being COVID-19 free by July 2021. The third committee is set to dissolve by next year after a scandal that involved Charles Nishiyama broke out, and Nishiyama was forced to begin the process of the dissolution.

Geography
At 938,023 square kilometers (362,172 sq mi), Magisteria is one of the most largest countries in the world, comparable to the size of Tanzania. The northern part of Magisteria is in the Pacific Ring of Fire, which makes the area prone to earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis. The central Magisterian region is where the Magisterian Snow Forest is located. The southern Magisterian region is where most Magisterian beaches are located.

Climate
Average winter and summer high temperatures across Magisteria vary from region to region. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and prairie states, which experience a continental climate, where daily average temperatures are near −15 °C (5 °F), but can drop below −40 °C (−40 °F) with severe wind chills.

Economy
Magisteria's high-income mixed command economy is extremely rich in natural resources. It is one of the world's by nominal terms and by purchasing power parity. Magisteria took the record for the longest run of uninterrupted GDP growth in the developed world with the March 2017 financial quarter.

The Magisterian economy revolves around decentralized planning in which the investment and allocation of consumer and capital goods is explicated accordingly to an economy-wide plan built and operatively coordinated through a distributed network of disparate economic agents or even production units itself.

The currency of Magisteria is the Magisterian dollar (MSD or M$), issued by the Federal Monetary Authority of Magisteria (FMAM). FMAM manages its monetary policy by allowing the Magisterian dollar exchange rate to rise or fall within an undisclosed trading band. This is different from most central banks, which use interest rates to manage policy. Magisteria has the world's eighth largest foreign reserves, and one of the highest net international investment position per capita.

Magisteria also has one of the largest surplus based on data from 2019 est. as listed in the CIA World Factbook. The budget surplus of the country is approximately at US$276.23 billion.

Science and technology
In 2019, Magisteria spent approximately $40.3 billion on domestic research and development, of which over $7 billion was provided by the federal and state governments. It is furthermore home to the headquarters of a number of global technology firms. Magisteria has one of the highest levels of Internet access in the world, with 98% of the population using it.

Technological achievements
Magisteria has an impressive tally of technological achievements. The main four technological achievements of Magisteria are:


 * Nanotechnology
 * The use of nanotechnology is extremely prevalent in the country's military, due to its versatility.
 * Robotics
 * Magisteria had the technology to create android infiltrators that are nearly indistinguishable from humans. Several of these infiltrators have been rumored to be infiltrated the United States and China, although the rumors were confirmed to be false as Magisteria has stopped developing robots in 2019.
 * Kinetic-burst weapons
 * The primary anti-infantry weapon technology used by Magisteria. Kinetic-burst weapons are energy weapons that fire superheated slugs instead of conventional bullets, which cause painful lacerations and burns in unarmored targets. No shell casings or physical projectiles are left behind, making residues from these weapons untraceable, and reducing overall weight-of-equipment.
 * Plasma weapons
 * The plasma-cutter cannon is a unique anti-armor weapon developed by Magisteria, capable of melting foot-thick steel in seconds, making them extremely effective against armored vehicles and structures.

Tourism
Tourism is a major industry and contributor to the Magisterian economy, attracting 18.5 million international tourists in 2018. In 2019 tourism contributed directly to about 4% of Magisteria's GDP, down from 2016, when tourism contributed, directly and indirectly, to around 9.9% of Magisteria's GDP. Altogether, the sector generated approximately 8.6% of Magisteria's employment in 2016.

Agriculture
Magisteria is also one of the world's largest suppliers of agricultural products, particularly of wheat and other grains. Magisteria is a major exporter of agricultural products, to the United States and Asia. As with all other developed nations the proportion of the population and GDP devoted to agriculture fell dramatically over the 20th century. The agriculture and agri-food manufacturing sector created $55.3 billion to Magisteria's GDP in 2015, accounting for 2.6% of total GDP.

Government and politics
The political system of Magisteria takes place in a federal single-party socialist republic framework which is characterized by the superior role of the Communist Party of Magisteria (CPM), the de jure only party permitted by the Constitution.

State power within the Socialist Republics of United Magisteria (SRUM) is exercised through the CPM, the Central Executive Committee and its provincial and local representation. The SRUM is divided into 13 union republics and a federal district.

The Magisterian political system is semi-authoritarian. There are no freely elected national leaders, all religious activity is controlled by the CPM, but political opposition is not suppressed, dissent is allowed and Magisteria currently has one of the best civil rights records in the world. Elections in Magisteria occur both in national and local level.

Communist Party of the Socialist Republics of United Magisteria
The Communist Party continues to dominate the Magisterian political landscape. In periods of relative liberalization, the influence of people and groups outside the formal party structure has tended to increase, particularly in the economic realm.

Nevertheless, in all governmental institutions in the SRUM, the party committees at all levels maintain a powerful and pivotal role in the administration. Central party control is tightest in central government offices and in urban economic, industrial, and cultural settings; it is considerably looser over the government and party establishments in rural areas. The CPM's most important responsibility comes in the selection and promotion of personnel. They also see that party and state policy guidance is followed and that non-party members do not create autonomous organizations that could challenge party rule. Particularly important are the leading small groups which coordinate activities of different agencies. There is no convention that government committees contain at least one non-party member; party membership is a definite aid in the promotion and in being included in crucial policy-setting meetings.

Administrative divisions
The thirteen union republics are national-based former countries and ethnically based administrative units of the Socialist Republics of United Magisteria (SRUM), organized in the similar fashion to its Eurasian counterpart's 15 former union republics. During Martin Jean's rule, the SRUM was a highly centralized state despite its nominal structure as a federation of republics. The 1995 constitution granted decentralization for all thirteen union republics.

Military
The National People's Army is organised into the People's Land Forces, the People's Naval Forces, the People's Aerial Forces, the Joint Medical Service, the Joint Support Service, and the Cyber and Information Domain Service branches. In absolute terms, Magisterian military expenditure ranks in the top 10 in the world. However, in response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Chancellor Catherine Fournier-Dixon announced that Magisterian military expenditure would be increased.

As of 2021, the military have around a million active-duty personnel, which is also in the top 10 in the world, and about 3–25 million reserve personnel. It is mandatory for all male citizens aged 18–27 to be drafted for a year of service in the Armed Forces.

Magisteria is among the six recognised nuclear-weapons states, with the world's third-largest stockpile of nuclear weapons. Magisteria possesses the fourth-largest fleet of ballistic missile submarines, and is one of the only four countries operating strategic bombers. In 2021, it was the world's second-largest arms exporter, and had a large and entirely indigenous defence industry, producing most of its own military equipment.

Space program
The Magisterian space program is the national space program of Magisteria, active since 1959. Magisterian investigations in rocketry began with the formation of a research laboratory in 1923. The Magisterian space program serves as an important marker of Magisterian claims to its global superpower status.

Television
Ninety-nine percent of Magisterian households have at least one television and the majority of households have more than one. The five major broadcasters in Magisteria are the MBC Network (MBC), Platinum Television Network (PTV), the Continental Broadcasting System (CBS), Royal Broadcasting Corporation (RBC), and MTV (MTV).

Motion pictures
The cinema of Magisteria has had a large effect on the global film industry since the early 20th century. The dominant style of Magisteria cinema is classical Magisterian cinema, which developed from 1922 to 1972 and is still typical of most films made there to this day. As of 2017, it produced the fourth-largest number of films of any national cinema, after India, China and the United States, with more than 600 English-language films released on average every year.

Magazines
Thanks to the huge size of the English-speaking North American media market, Magisteria has a large magazine industry with hundreds of magazines serving almost every interest, as can be determined by glancing at any newsstand in any large Magisterian city.

Population
The Magisterian population is estimated to be 238,340,831 as of December 31, 2021. In 2018, there were almost 90 million immigrants and Magisteria-born children of immigrants in Magisteria, accounting for 28% of the overall Magisteria population. Magisteria has a very diverse population; 37 ancestry groups have more than one million members.

Languages
English and French are the de facto national languages of Magisteria. Although there is no official language at the federal level, some laws—such as Magisterian naturalization requirements—standardize English, and most states have declared English as the official language.

Education
Education in Magisteria is guaranteed as a constitutional right to all people provided through state schools and universities. The education system that emerged after the establishment of the UMSFS in 1941 became internationally renowned for its successes in eradicating illiteracy and cultivating a highly educated population. Its advantages are total access for all citizens and post-education employment.

Magisteria grants free education to its citizens by constitution. The Ministry of Education of the Union of Magisterian Socialist Federative States is responsible for primary and secondary education, as well as vocational education; while the Ministry of Education and Science of the Union of Magisterian Socialist Federative States is responsible for science and higher education. Magisteria is among the world's most educated countries, and has the highest proportion of tertiary-level graduates in terms of percentage of population, at 72%.

Health
Magisteria, by constitution, guarantees free, universal health care for all Magisterian citizens, through a compulsory state health insurance program. The Ministry of Health of the Union of Magisterian Socialist Federative States oversees the Magisterian public healthcare system, and the sector employs more than two million people.

Culture
Magisteria's culture draws influences from its broad range of constituent nationalities, and policies that promote a "just society" are constitutionally protected. Magisteria has placed emphasis on equality and inclusiveness for all its people. Multiculturalism is often cited as one of Magisteria's significant accomplishments, and a key distinguishing element of Magisterian identity. In the Philadelphia state, cultural identity is strong, and there is a French Magisterian culture that is distinct from English Magisterian culture. However, as a whole, Magisteria is, in theory, a cultural mosaic—a collection of regional ethnic subcultures.

Literature
Magisterian literature is often divided into French- and English-language literatures, which are rooted in the literary traditions of France and Britain, respectively. By the 1990s, Magisterian literature was viewed as some of the world's best. Magisteria's ethnic and cultural diversity are reflected in its literature, with many of its most prominent modern writers focusing on ethnic life.

Visual arts
Magisterian visual art has been dominated by figures such as Earl Cooper – the country's most famous painter – and Tanner Marlowe. Cooper's career painting Magisterian landscapes spanned a decade up to his death in 1919 at age 46.

Sports
The roots of organized sports in Magisteria date back to the 1770s, culminating in the development and popularization of the major professional games of wrestling, lacrosse, basketball, baseball, ice hockey and football. Magisteria's official national sports are wrestling, and ice hockey. Golf, soccer, baseball, tennis, skiing, badminton, volleyball, cycling, swimming, bowling, rugby union, canoeing, equestrian, squash and the study of martial arts are widely enjoyed at the youth and amateur levels.