Daidieu-Vietnam relations refer to the economic, political, and social relations between the Kingdom of Daidieu and Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Official relations began since 1 January 1992. They were formerly a single nation that was gradually annexed by France in 1885. Since the Geneva Accords in 1954, Vietnam has been split into East Vietnam (Daidrieu), North Vietnam, and South Vietnam. Although they co-operated against the French during the First Indochina War, relations between Daidieu, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam soured after the Geneva Accords in 1954, due to the socialist attitude in the North and the Catholic extremism in the South. In 1972, North Vietnam secretly announced plans to create a puppet state in Daidrieu the following year, causing a coup d'etat on 15 August, effectively transforming Daidrieu into a puppet state of Vietnam known as the People's Republic of Daidieu (PRD). Due to unpopularity towards Vietnamese occupation in 1985, a civil war happened in Daidieu until the 1987 Geneva Accords peacefully ended the conflict. Despite the accords, Daidieu didn't establish official relations with Vietnam until 1 January 1990, and since then, they maintain peaceful bilateral relations and extremely close diplomatic and bilateral relations despite historical rivalry.
Vietnam has an embassy in Ńwien King and Daidieu has an embassy in Hanoi. Both countries joined ASEAN on 28 July 1995.
Country comparison[]
| Common name | Daidieu | Vietnam |
|---|---|---|
| Legal name | Daidieu | Socialist Republic of Vietnam |
| Flag | 
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|
| Area | 128,590 km² | 331,212 km² |
| Population (2021) | 50,999,851 | 98,532,263 |
| Population density | 396.608219924/km² | 297.490015458/km² |
| Largest city | Ńwien King | Ho Chi Minh City |
| Government | Unitary parliamentary semi-constitutional monarchy | Unitary Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist republic |
| Established | 21 July 1954 (Independence of Daidieu) 3 April 1987 (Proclamation of the Provisional Government of Daidieu) 1 January 1988 (current constitution) |
2879 BCE (first dynasty) 2 September 1945 (Declaration of Independence) 30 April 1975 (reunification) |
| First leader | Emperor Cúk Hiạ́w (Kingdom of Daidrieu) Kim Nàu Szì (Socialist Republic of Daidrieu) |
Kinh Dương Vương (first dynasty) Hồ Chí Minh (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) |
| Current leaders | Emperor Pìng Trọ́ | President Nguyễn Xuân Phúc |
| Official languages | Vietnamese (chữ Nôm, chữ Hán) | Vietnamese (chữ Quốc ngữ) |
| Currency | Dieuese kuan | Vietnamese đồng |
| Life expectancy (2021) | 81.85 | 75.57 |
History[]
Background[]
France invaded Cochinchina in 1862 and gradually annexed the rest of Vietnam 21 years later. In September 1940, Japan launched an invasion of French Indochina, keeping the French colonial administration. In March 1945, Japan ousted the French and installed Emperor Bảo Đại as the head of state. Because France was unwilling to reconquer Indochina, Chiang Kai-shek accepted Franklin D. Roosevelt's request that Chiang would occupy Indochina. After Japan surrendered, they gave the weapons to the socialist Viet Minh and the monarchist Vietnamese Revolutionary Army (ARV). However, Chiang forced the French to withdraw from Guangzhouwan in exchange for the withdrawal of his troops from Vietnam in the following year.
In early 1946, the French landed a military force at Haiphong, initiating a conflict between the Viet Minh and French colonists. Once the French landed on Ńwien King on June 29, the Viet Minh and ARV began cooperating each other. Later, the French rejected Hồ Chí Minh's proposal of an autonomous State of Vietnam within the French Union. After the creation of an "autonomous" State of Vietnam, tensions between the Viet Minh and French were rising, due to the lack of complete sovereignty for Vietnam. The First Indochina War continued until the Geneva Accords in 1954.
During the discussions on Indochina, Georges Bidault wanted to preserve French influence in Vietnam. On May 10, Phạm Văn Đồng, leader of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV), and Cúk Hiạ́w set up their positions. Cúk Hiạ́w, Emperor of Daidrieu, proposed a unification of Vietnam under monarchist rule. While the two opposed division of Vietnam, relations started to sour after Cuk Hiaw was willing to restore monarchist rule. On the morning 21 July 1954, an agreement was settled that Vietnam would be separated around the 17th parallel, Daidrieu would gain independence as an associated state of Vietnam, and unification elections would be held in 1956. However, Cúk Hiạ́w opposed the unification elections because the unified government would force him to abdicate, so the parties resolved the issue by revising the agreement to sever all ties between Daidrieu and North Vietnam.
Cold War[]
1954-1972[]
Tensions began to rise between Daidrieu, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam because of Cuk Hiaw's Confucian isolationist policy. However, Daidrieu avoided the conflict in order to preserve the monarchy despite frequently condemning Ngo Dinh Diem's authoritarian and nepositic rule. Nethertheless, Daidrieu launched a failed coup d'etat against Diem on 19 September 1959 because of the mass execution of critics of Diem's one-man rule and Catholic values.
In 1964, confidence in Daidrieu's monarchy rapidly decreased mainly due to the coup d'etats in South Vietnam and the Viet Cong's plan to invade the Kingdom of Daidrieu. The critics condemned the Confucian isolationism and wanted to speak out and democratize Daidrieu. Due to fear of unrest, Cúk Hiạ́w willingly abdicated in the afternoon of October 6, 1964, and Crown Prince Thàng Cang took over. Despite the abdication, Thàng Cang still upheld Daidrieu's neutrality. Daidrieu began to participate in Non-Aligned Movement summits in 1964, and Thàng Cang played a major role in spreading democracy throughout the participants, condemning the Vietnam War and the Burmese Way to Socialism. Daidrieu also signed the ASEAN Declaration and subsequently became one of six founding members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations.
However, Daidrieu ended its neutrality after the Tet Offensive on 30 January 1968, which the Emperor condemned. Thàng Cang described it as the "darkest new year in our history". The 1972 Spring-Summer offensive increased popular support of South Vietnam. To protect Daidrieu from South Vietnam, Tôn Đức Thắng began preparations for a coup d'etat in Daidrieu immediately after the start of the offensive. On 15 August 1972, Kim Nàu Szì launched a coup d'etat against the monarchy for North Vietnam. He persued a scorched earth policy, causing a genocide against political prisoners in Daidrieu. They planned on executing the monarchy, but they were only able to assassinate Crown Prince Thien He and the rest of the monarchy was exiled to Tseng City, Tseng. The following day, Daidrieu's ASEAN membership was immediately suspended after a North Vietnamese-backed coup d'etat. Daidrieu did not rejoin ASEAN until 1995, the same time as Vietnam did.
1972-1990[]
From 1972 to 1987, Daidrieu was a puppet state of North Vietnam known as the PRD. North Vietnam began to build thousands of bases in Daidrieu to attack South Vietnam. After the fall of Saigon, Daidrieu began sending thousands of intellectuals, members of the former National Democratic Party, South Vietnamese war criminals, targeted ethnic groups (mainly ethnic minorities in Vietnam) and religious people to re-education camps, which were run by Vietnamese and Daidrieuese troops.
Because Daidrieu was a puppet state of Vietnam, they enforced mandatory conscription and they participated together in conflicts. The People's Republic of China launched an offensive in Vietnam and Daidrieu for their actions and imprisonment of the Khmer Rouge, beginning the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979. The Dieuese Civil War began on the morning of April 12, 1985, when uproar occurred when the news broke that police gunned anti-communist activist. Regular civillans and police and the military were locked in urban warfare, and the capital Vian King was a war zone. Dictator Kim Nàu Szì declared martial law and escaped to Hanoi, Vietnam on April 14. Kim Nau Szi, in Hanoi, sent his best generals to the battlefield, only for them to get killed, like General Wong Thàng Jiệt, who was murdered by a rocket laucher during the Battle of Póu Kāu in December 1985. By 1986, the activists and the government-in-exile controlled about 50% of Dieuese territory. However, it would remain that way until January 5, 1987, when the pro-democratic forces defeated the communists in the battle of Theng Luk, and soon the pro-democratic armies would advance on the capital. By March 1987, PRD forces were depleted, and most didn't want to fight anymore. Meanwhile, pro-democratic US-backed Daidieuese forces, the imperial family, and the FLD were arriving in Vian King. The city's defenses quickly fell and on 8:21pm, April 3, 1987, Tạn Dàng Hìng declared the Republic of Daidieu and proclaimed himself president of Daidieu.
Tan announced that Daidieuese troops would withdraw from Kampuchea by the end of 1987, and he started border disputes between Daidieu and Vietnam. Eventually, the borders were resolved in 1992, with Daidrieu ceding Cẩm Phả and Móng Cái to Vietnam in exchange for Vietnam ceding Bə Bien Lam (坡𣷭藍) and Bə Nuy (坡𡶀) to Daidrieu.
1990-present[]
With Vietnam's exit from Cambodia in 1989, political tensions between Daidieu and Vietnam have been in an almost positive relationship after the strengthening of economic cooperation between Daidieu and Vietnam despite the two having opposing economic ideologies, capitalism in Daidieu and communism in Vietnam. They recognized and supported the new government in Cambodia. They allowed visa-free travel between the two countries in 1992 and they joined ASEAN together on 28 July 1995. In 1993, Sạng Dang Ming became the first Prime Minister of Daidieu to make an official state visit to Vietnam. Vietnam and Daidieu supported each other's bid to join the World Trade Organization until the 1999 Daidieu WTO protests in December. On 29 June 1996, Daidieuese Prime Minister Hàu Rwạ̌ Hǎn and Vietnamese President Lê Đức Anh reaffirmed their bilateral ties, with Hau saying "It's been 50 years since the landing of French troops in our nation, which was a sad day for our nations. Despite conflicts between us since we won independence, we have committed to co-operation, friendship, and peace since."
On May 18, 2012, Trương Tấn Sang attended Hwèi Ving's funeral, expressing his condolences and sending a message to the National Assembly of Daidieu, stating that he was "a wise leader who promoted friendships and did not excaberate tensions with us, and helped make the Daidieuese have more positive relations with Vietnam after the end of the civil war 25 years ago." Truong's statement was quickly spread through social media in Daidieu and Vietnam. During the death and state funeral of Võ Nguyên Giáp on October 5, 2013, Kǎu Dài Hǎu payed his respects to Võ, describing him as a "patriotic founding father of our nation who helped liberate us from French colonial vegenance after the end of the Second World War courageously." He also said "Võ fought for our freedom with the souls of Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ, and they helped shape our relations that exist today."